—The anomaly zone presents a major challenge to the accurate resolution of 1 many parts of the Tree of Life. The anomaly zone is defined by the presence of a gene tree 2 topology that is more probable than the true species tree. This discrepancy can result from 3 consecutive rapid speciation events in the species tree. Similar to the problem of 4 long-branch attraction, including more data (loc...

Concerns about the deleterious effects of missing data may often determine which characters and taxa are included in phylogenetic analyses. For example, researchers may exclude taxa lacking data for some genes or exclude a gene lacking data in some taxa. Yet, there may be very little evidence to support these decisions. In this paper, I review the effects of missing data on phylogenetic analyse...

Attraction interference in language comprehension and production may be as a result of common or different processes. In the present paper, we investigate attraction interference during language comprehension, focusing on the contexts in which interference arises and the time-course of these effects. Using evidence from event-related brain potentials (ERPs) and sentence judgment times, we show ...

We show how piecewise quadratic Lyapunov functions can be used to estimate regions of attraction for linear systems with saturation. The central issues of how to restrict the analysis region and how to optimize the size of the domain of attraction are addressed, and the approach is demonstrated on several examples. We observe that the piecewise quadratic Lyapunov functions yield significant imp...

Computer simulations and theory are used to systematically investigate how the effective force between two big colloidal spheres in a sea of small spheres depends on the basic (big-small and small-small) interactions. The latter are modeled as hardcore pair potentials with a Yukawa tail which can be either repulsive or attractive. For a repulsive small-small interaction, the effective force fol...