To the Editor—The recent report on ‘co-infection of influenza B and Streptococcus’ by Lam et al1 is very interesting. They reported “four cases infected with influenza B and streptococci that gave rise to severe pneumonia” and mentioned that “this is the second case report of severe invasive pneumococcal pneumonia secondary to influenza B infection.”1 Indeed, both influenza B and Streptococcus ...

Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death among individuals infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV). The study of the joint dynamics of HBV and TB present formidable mathematical challenges due to the fact that the models of transmission are quite distinct. We formulate and analyze a deterministic mathematical model which incorporates of the co-dynamics of hepatitis B and tuberculosis. ...

background : hepatitis b virus (hbv) is one of the most popular causes of chronic liver diseases through the world. there are approximately 350 million individuals infected with the hbv that 15 to 20 million of them are co-infected with hdv. it is known that co-existent infection with hdv tends to accelerate the progress of chronic hbv infection to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellula...

The structural, stability, mechanical, elastic anisotropy and electronic properties of two ternary light element compounds, B₂CO₂ and B₆C₂O₅, are systematically investigated. The elastic constants and phonon calculations reveal that B₂CO₂ and B₆C₂O₅ are both mechanically and dynamically stable at ambient pressure, and they can stably exist to a pressure of 20 GPa. Additionally, it is found that...

Co3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized via a simple Co-precipitation reaction between precursors of cobalt and NH3. The effect of different parameters such as concentration of NH3 and precursors of cobalt on the size and photocatalytic activity of the products was investigated. The achieved nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction analysis, field emission scanning electron mic...