water for agriculture is one of the most important factors in arid and semi-arid areas and municipal wastewater treatment is an important resource for this purpose. therefore, potential of transfer contaminations is a serious problem regarding use of treated wastewater for agriculture. due to the risk of transfer contaminations through the use of wastewater, the study of transfer microbes in so...

Managed aquifer recharge through bank filtration is an important method to produce sustainable drinking water. Yet, water quality related transport of pathogens (bacteria and viruses) into groundwater systems from surface waters can be a matter concern, especially in urbanized regions. Based on 1-year monitoring campaign, reactive model was developed for bacteria at riverbank site located Germa...

exudative retinal detachment (erd) may be seen with many ocular pathologies including malignancies. among malignant causes, metastases of breast and lung carcinoma are most common. a 50-year-old woman referred to our clinic with history of decreased visual acuity in her right eye since 3 months before referral. the visual acuity was counting fingers at 2 meters and 6/10 in the right and left ey...

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are capable of forming complex intracellular bacterial communities (IBC) within the superficial umbrella cells of the bladders of C3H and BALB/c mice. By using time-lapse fluorescence videomicroscopy to observe infected mouse bladder explants, we discovered that IBCs formed by uropathogenic E. coli progressed through four distinct developmental stages that ...

To further our understanding of the virulence potential of Bacillus megaterium strains, cell association and invasion assays were conducted in vitro by infecting human enterocytes (Caco-2 cells) with 53 strains of this bacterium isolated from honey. Two series of experiments were performed: (i) necrosis and cell detachment assays with the supernatants of bacterial culture filtrates from 16-h cu...

Disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a hallmark event in the pathophysiology of bacterial meningitis. Several inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), nitric oxide and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), contribute to this disruption. Here we show that infection of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) with Neisseria meningitidis induced an ...

Correlation between hyaluronidase (Hyl) activity and biofilm detachment in a few bacterial species was found. However, it is unclear if this association applies to or for more general characteristics. This study determined the production Hyl among isolates from oral cavity of healthy subjects, its with Gram staining group, colony surface morphology bacteria shape. The swab taken tongue, cheek e...

Biofilms cause significant problems in the environment and during the treatment of infections. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying biofilm formation are poorly understood. There is a particular lack of knowledge about biofilm maturation processes, such as biofilm structuring and detachment, which are deemed crucial for the maintenance of biofilm viability and the dissemination of cells...

Plasmids are important vehicles for horizontal gene transfer and rapid adaptation in bacteria, including the spread of antibiotic resistance genes. Conjugative transfer of a plasmid from a plasmid-bearing to a plasmid-free bacterial cell requires contact and attachment of the cells followed by plasmid DNA transfer prior to detachment. We introduce a system of differential equations for plasmid ...

The aim of this study was to establish which of seven factors influence the adhesion strength and hence bacterial transfer between biofilms containing Listeria monocytogenes (pure and two-species biofilms) and tryptone soya agar (TSA) as a solid organic surface. The two-species biofilms were made of L. monocytogenes and one of the following species of bacteria: the nonpathogenic organisms Kocur...