The suitability of using optical-density (OD) measurements after a 6-h incubation period to determine bacterial contamination on hatching eggs was evaluated. A total of 154 hatching eggs, from five different flocks, were examined visually and bacterial counts and OD measurements of egg washings after 6 h of incubation at 37 degrees C were carried out to determine the levels of bacterial contami...

There have been two major phases in the studies of microbial infection of hens' eggs. The first (in the years 1930-1960) sought to identify factors that caused the addling of stored eggs [1]. The second, which began in the mid 1980s, is concerned with infection of eggs with Salmonella enteritidis. This contribution summarizes the major observations made in these studies and describes a techniqu...

yeasts, especially saccharomyces cerevisiae, are one of the oldest organisms with broad spectrum of applications, owing to their unique genetics and physiology. yeast extract, i.e. the product of yeast cells, is extensively used as nutritional resource in bacterial culture media. the aim of this study was to develop a simple, rapid and cost benefit process to produce the yeast extract. in this ...

background: the aim of this study was to clone pparγ1 cdna in an appropriate mammalian expression vector, with a chimeric cdna form, encompassing pparγ with enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) cdna. this recombinant plasmid will be used for further analyses to investigate the molecular mechanism of pparγ1 for neural differentiation process. moreover, the nuclear localization of the pparγ1...

Antibodies directed against a bacterial fusion protein that contains the domain encoded by the highly evolutionarily conserved 5' one-third of the v-myb oncogene of avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV) detect the protein products of various members of the myb gene family. Immunoprecipitation or immunoblot analyses with these antibodies yielded the following information. First, the products of the v...

objective(s): streptococcus pyogenes produces extracellular hyaluronidase enzyme. this enzyme is directly associated with the spread of the organism during infection. the objective of the present study was to clone and express the nucleotide sequence of the enzyme which is involved in hyaluronidase enzymatic activity. materials and methods: the enzymatic region of hyaluronidase gene was detecte...

Oxalic acid, a highly toxic by-product of metabolism, is catabolized by a limited number of bacterial species utilizing an activation-decarboxylation reaction which yields formate and CO2. frc, the gene encoding formyl coenzyme A transferase, an enzyme which transfers a coenzyme A moiety to activate oxalic acid, was cloned from the bacterium Oxalobacter formigenes. DNA sequencing revealed a sin...

Abstract Feed is an important factor affecting the growth of cultured fish. Around 86.5% production cost aquaculture allocated for purchase feed. Good quality and efficient feed a determinant success business. Single Cell Protein (SCP) dry cell product single microorganisms. SCP generally not only protein but also free amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins minerals. The purpose this stud...