background: acute bacterial meningitis is among serious infections of the central nervous system (cns). the early diagnosis and empiric antibiotic treatments have led to a reduction in morbidity and mortality rates. pcr and the enzymatic digestion of 16s rdna fragment following the pcr by universal primers led up fast and sensitive determination. the aims of the present study was to improve our...

Staphylococcus aureus is an important cause of acute bacterial pneumonia. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) recognizes multiple components of the bacterial cell wall and activates innate immune responses to gram-positive bacteria. We hypothesized that TLR2 would have an important role in pulmonary host defense against S. aureus TLR null (TLR2-/-) mice and wild type (WT) C57BL/6 controls were challeng...

Introduction: Oral hygiene aids including toothbrushes if not rinsed in a proper disinfectant can affect oral bacterial translocation and re-infection of the oral cavity due contamination. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to investigate the survival rate of total oral bacteria on toothbrush and miswak. Material and methods: Totally, 12young individuals with age range 22-28 years and ...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an anti-flagellin sub-type monoclonal antibody (anti-fla-a) on Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in a mouse burn model and to assay bacterial dissemination and invasiveness. METHODS After immediate post-burn infection with P. aeruginosa, mortality and morbidity (daily weight changes) were monitored in mice treated with anti-fla-a a...

the present study was conducted to investigate the effects of deep-stacking process on temperature and pathogenic bacterial survival of broiler litter (bl). broiler litter, deep-stacked to 3 depths (30, 60 or 120 cm) and at 3 moisture levels (15, 25 or 35%) was made use of in a split plot design, experiment last for 21 days. daily temperature of the deep-stacked bl at different depths and at di...

Shigella spp. are highly adapted human pathogens that cause bacillary dysentery (shigellosis). Via the type III secretion system (T3SS), Shigella deliver a subset of virulence proteins (effectors) that are responsible for pathogenesis, with functions including pyroptosis, invasion of the epithelial cells, intracellular survival, and evasion of host immune responses. Intriguingly, T3SS effector ...

Contamination by microplastics (particles < 1 mm) is a growing and alarming environmental problem in freshwater systems. Evidence suggests that industrial effluents could be one of the critical point sources other pollutants, their interaction can cause organismal stress affect host microbial communities. We tested individual combined effects pollutants on survival associated (commensal)...

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OBJECTIVES Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in critical care settings. Acinetobacter has become a leading cause of VAP. In particular, the appearance and spread of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter is of great concern. In this study, we examined the effect of the antioxidant procysteine on Acinetobacter murine pneumonia in hyperoxic conditio...

The ability of bacterial species to colonize and infect host organisms is critically dependent upon their capacity to adhere to cellular surfaces of the host. Adherence to cell surfaces is known to be essential for the activation and delivery of certain virulence factors, but can also directly affect host cell signaling to aid bacterial spread and survival. In this review we will discuss the re...