Iranian banking network policymakers are focused on bank consolidation as one of the reform policies in recent years. But before merging banks, it is necessary to examine their effects. Loans are one crucial item in the bankschr('39') balance sheets that are affected by bank consolidation. In the Iranian banking network, loans are offered to various economic sectors. What is important for banki...

Bangladesh entered into the era of financial reform during the early 1980s. Most of the reforms initiated by the government have concentrated predominantly on the banking sector. Consequently, many changes relating to ownership, market concentration, regulatory measures and policies have taken place primarily to enhancing bank performance. In this regard, this study is undertaken to investigate...

The recent debate on the impact of capital regulation on bank behaviour shows that risk exposures of banks might in‡uence the amount of loans newly granted to the non-…nancial sector. The paper analyses implications of this relationship for the role of …nancial stability analysis in the conduct of monetary policy. This role stems from the fact that the …nancial instability can in‡uence the mone...

Banking and real estate have always had an uneasy relationship. It was not until early this century that national banks were even permitted to extend loans collateralized by real estate. To this day, national banks, bank holding companies, and many state-chartered banks are prohibited from owning real estate directly, except when obtained through foreclosure or if used for bank premises.~ In ad...

I investigate the influence of unemployment insurance (UI) benefits on cost bank loans by exploiting changes in state laws as a source variation labor costs. The evidence shows that is significantly lower for firms headquartered states with more generous UI programs. relation between and pronounced face higher unionization rates, are intensive, or have layoff propensity. These results robust to...

The opinions and recommendations of the authors of this study do not necessarily reflect official positions of the SBA or other agencies of the U.S. government. Executive Summary The long expansion, two recessions, and financial disruptions affected businesses of all sizes over the past dozen years. Small businesses may be particularly exposed to recessions, banking conditions, and monetary pol...