The study of the process of meaning making is central to Computer Support Collaborative Learning (CSCL). Jurong Junior College and the National Institute of Education (Singapore) Learning Sciences Laboratory have recently conducted several collaborative maths problem solving sessions using the Virtual Math Team Chat, a quasi-synchronous chat medium used to facilitate the process of mathematical...

The Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT), a parent report autism screening tool, is higher for males than for females (Ludwig et al., IMFAR 2011). Given the long waitlists and high costs for ASD evaluations, there is a need to reduce the number of false positive females on the M-CHAT. The current study examined the sex specific clinical profi...

Synchronous text-based interaction, where participants are logged in to the same virtual space at the same time, can be a useful tool for enhancing traditional classes or as part of an entirely online course. Synchronous chat, as it is also called, may not have always received the same amount of attention from educators and researchers as the various forms of asynchronous online discussion tool...

Instant Messaging has become an important means of communication between people around the globe, providing an alternative to telephone and email conversations. The number of users using Instant Messenger products has been increasing over recent years. Messenger services provide a perfect environment for private and personal chat. People of all ages log into messenger service or chat rooms to s...

Neurons in the rat central nervous system (CNS) were examined for their content of both the acetylcholine-synthesizing enzyme, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT; acetyl-CoA, choline O-acetyl-transferase, EC 2.3.16), and the transmitter-degrading enzyme, acetylcholinesterase (AChE). ChAT was localized immunohistochemically and AChE was localized histochemically in normal, colchicine-treated, or di...

A previous study compared two student groups that played a mathematics game based on a teachable agent. One group played with, and the other without, the inclusion of a social conversation module: a chat between the student and the teachable agent. Results were that students who used the game with the chat included had a more positive experience of the game and learned more in the sense of teac...

Objective: The present study investigates the effect of Tiliacora triandra leaf extract on spatial learning, memory, and learning flexibility as well as hippocampal choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity in mice.  Materials and Methods: Thirty male ICR mice were randomly divided into three groups including 10% Tween 80, T. triandra 300 mg/kg and T. triandra 600 mg/kg. All administrations wer...

There are many adaptive educational systems . These systems depend mainly on the student model that stores information related to the student, including the level of knowledge the student has in concepts , Domain model which organizes the sequence and the structure of the educational materials, and also the adaptation model which performs the adaptation paln. Some of these systems use in its fu...

Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) synthesizes the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, at cholinergic nerve terminals. ChAT contains nuclear localization signals and is also localized in the nuclei of neural and non-neuronal cells. Nuclear ChAT might have an as yet unidentified function, such as transcriptional regulation. In this study, we investigated the alteration of candidate gene transcription...

This chapter examines the defining linguistic innovations and social motivations for one of the most popular modes of computer mediated communication: the online chat. Due to its nature of being largely synchronous, anonymous, and mainly text-based, online chat offers a social interactional environment where people can experience the feeling of making new friends or acquaintances, psychological...