PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) fuel cells show characteristics of high power density, low operating temperature and fast start-up capability, which make them potentially suitable to replace conventional power sources (e.g. internal combustion engines) as Auxiliary Power Units (APU) for on-board applications. This paper presents a methodology for a preliminary investigation on either sizing and ...

Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) are considered a key device to be introduced to actuate the smart grid paradigm. However, the most critical aspect related to the use of such device is its economic feasibility as it is a still developing technology characterized by high costs and limited life duration. Particularly, the sizing of BESSs must be performed in an optimized way in order to max...

Recent results in plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) power management research suggest that battery energy capacity requirements may be reduced through proper power management algorithm design. Specifically, algorithms which blend fuel and electricity during the charge depletion phase using smaller batteries may perform equally to algorithms that apply electric-only operation during charge ...

Island Microgrids can coordinate local energy resources, provide post-fault reliability improvements for customers, and aggregate power resources to offer services the wider system. A crucial component of an Microgrid is battery storage system, which manage imbalances, alleviate constraints, improve by enabling islanding. planning sizing method required quantify maximize benefits while avoiding...

This paper presents a parametric procedure to size hybrid system consisting of renewable generation (wind turbines and photovoltaic panels) Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS). To cope with the increasing installation grid-scale BESS, an innovative, fast flexible for evaluating efficient this asset has been developed. The tool exploits high-fidelity empirical model assess stand-alone BESS or ...

The establishment of isolated microgrid is great significance in solving power supply problems offshore islands or remote mountainous areas. Aiming at the containing photovoltaic, photothermal, wind, diesel, and energy storage, a three-objective sizing optimization model proposed considering comprehensive economy cost, deficiency probability (DPSP), renewable discard rate (REDR). was solved by ...