6 Parameters in program fdelmodc 15 6.1 Modelling parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 6.2 Medium parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 6.3 Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 6.4 Source signature parameters ...

We introduce the orbital Stokes parameters as a linear combination of a beam's second-order moments. Similar to the ones describing the field polarization and associated with beam energy and its spin angular momentum, the orbital Stokes parameters are related to the total beam width and its orbital angular momentum. We derive the transformation laws for these parameters during beam propagation ...

The beam-beam performance of PEP-II has been monitored by parasitic measurements recorded during routine physics running, and by a few dedicated accelerator physics experiments. These measurements indicate that in some cases, the beam-beam interaction and the electron-cloud-induced blowup of the low-energy positron beam are somehow coupled and enhance each other. Tailoring the bunch pattern to ...

The layout of beam delivery and/or beam forming optical systems is a recurring task in development and application of laser systems and necessarily requires adequate simulation tools. Accurate and precise simulation of the propagation of laser beams through optical systems, with the aim of predicting the beam profile at desired locations, is challenging. It requires detailed characterization of...

A new design of a guiding-index photonic crystal fiber which possesses a beam shaping effect and flexible control of dispersion has been proposed in this paper. It can shape a Gaussian beam into a circular hollow beam with certain dimension, which can be used in optical communication systems with a Cassegrain antenna to improve transmission efficiency by avoiding the loss of energy caused by th...

The analytical formulas for the average intensity and power in the bucket of the relay propagation of partially coherent cosh-Gaussian (ChG) beams in non-Kolmogorov turbulence have been derived based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle. The influences of the beam parameters, relay system parameters and the non-Kolmogorov turbulence parameters on relay propagation are investigated by numer...

introduction: in recent decades, several monte carlo codes have been introduced for research and medical applications. these methods provide both accurate and detailed calculation of particle transport from linear accelerators. the main drawback of monte carlo techniques is the extremely long computing time that is required in order to obtain a dose distribution with good statistical accuracy. ...

A generalization of the Stokes parameters of a random electromagnetic beam is introduced. Unlike the usual Stokes parameters, which depend on one spatial variable, the generalized Stokes parameters, depend on two spatial variables. They obey precise laws of propagation, both in free space and in any linear medium, whether deterministic or random. With the help of the generalized Stokes paramete...

The concept of partially coherent four-petal Gaussian (PCFPG) beam is introduced and described in analytical forms. Based on the Huygens-Fresnel integral formula, average intensity and beam spreading in turbulent atmosphere are derived in analytical expressions. Effects of beam parameters and atmospheric structure constant on intensity distributions and effective beam sizes are investigated in ...