Weeds should be controlled with low impact methods and selective agrochemicals that have little or no effect on non-target organisms. This study aimed to evaluate the of herbicide atrazine (triazine class) 10 Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera) species. A female species these natural enemies was individually placed in a glass test tube (free-choice test) two paper cards containing 45 Anagasta (Ephe...

Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability, leading to the development of various stroke models to test new treatments, most commonly in the rat. Human stroke trials focus on disability, related primarily to neurological deficits. To better model the clinical application of these treatments, many behavioral tests have been developed using the rat stroke model. We performed a systematic r...

Postoperative delirium is associated with increased morbidity, mortality and cost. However, its neuropathogenesis remains largely unknown, partially owing to lack of animal model(s). We therefore set out to employ a battery of behavior tests, including natural and learned behavior, in mice to determine the effects of laparotomy under isoflurane anesthesia (Anesthesia/Surgery) on these behaviors...

Crossmodal integration is a term applicable to many phenomena in which one sensory modality influences task performance or perception in another sensory modality. We distinguish the term binding as one that should be reserved specifically for the process that underpins perceptual object formation. To unambiguously differentiate binding form other types of integration, behavioral and neural stud...

The ability to produce transgenic, knockout, and mutant mice provides new animal models for the genetic analysis of behavior and its underlying neural mechanisms (Chen and Tonegawa 1997; Wehner et al. 1996). Knockout and transgenic mice have been developed as animal models for the study of human diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (Flood and Morley 1998; Nalbantoglu et al. 1997), Down's syndro...

“One searches in vain for a detailed discussion of exactly how and when a model should be applied...If theorists blithely continue to prove more theorems, and applied scientists doggedly continue to gather more data, at some point data and theory might just miraculously conjoin. But we regard such a union as more likely to result from a determined effort than from a fortuitous accident.” (Fiori...

The aim of the study was to assess impact socialization with humans on possibility conduct tests evaluating problem-solving in sheep. research included 30 Świniarka sheep aged from 2 8 years. were kept barn-pasture system. observations three trials carried out consecutive days for each behavior sheep, i.e. exploration and approach equipment elements test arena, analyzed. experiment conducted gr...