The recent evolutionary history, population structure and movement patterns of beluga whales in the western Nearctic were inferred from an analysis of mitochondrial DNA control region sequence variation of 324 whales from 32 locations representing five summer concentration areas in Alaska and north-west Canada. Phylogenetic relationships among haplotypes were inferred from parsimonious networks...

in the present study, the age- and sex-specific changes of various haematological and blood serum biochemical blood parameters of beluga ( huso huso ) were investigated. blood samples were collected from 4-, 6-, 7-, and 8-year-old beluga (n = 7 for each sex and age). the specimens were fed at a rate of 0.5-3% body weight per day. ast and ldh levels in 7- and 8-year-old fish of both sexes were s...

To compare the reproductive performance of the wild and cultured stocks of beluga, Huso huso males, some spermatological parameters were measured including: sperm motility, sperm density, spermatocrit and also fertilization rate, hatching rate and larval growth and survival rates. The semen samples were sampled from 11 wild spawners and 12 cultured brooders. A half of each semen sample was allo...

Natural killer (NK) activity, an important non-specific defense mechanism against viral infections and tumors, was demonstrated in beluga whales using two different methods: “‘Cr release and flow cytometry. Using the “Cr release assay, NK activity in belugas was shown to be higher against K-562 than against YAC-1 cell lines. Moreover, it was enhanced by the addition of human recombinant interle...

labeling system for all exports. While CITES deliberates, Russian reports suggest that the Caspian nations will lobby for an increased quota, following their meeting in Moscow earlier this month. The Caspian nations’ reprieve comes as the community awaits word of a decision by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to list beluga as endangered. Such a ruling, now 2 months overdue, would ban all imp...

This paper presents the results of study on age, growth, mortality rates and yield-per-recruit of Beluga (Huso huso) living in Caspian Sea. The mean length of successive years, mortality rates and yield-per-recruit studies indicated that at present the resource is under heavy fishing pressure. For the female Beluga growth was regarded as comprising of three stages, and the von Bertalanffy param...

The logical framework LF provides an elegant foundation for specifying formal systems and proofs and it is used successfully in a wide range of applications such as certifying code and mechanizing metatheory of programming languages. However, incorporating LF technology into functional programming to allow programmers to specify and reason about formal guarantees of their programs from within t...

A study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary citric acid (CA) (0, 1, 2 and 3%) on the Calcium(Ca) and Phosphorus(P) content of muscle, scute and serum of Beluga (Huso huso) juveniles (25.1±1.9 g). After 8 weeks feeding on the experimental diets, Calcium(Ca) and Phosphorus(P) content of muscle, scute and serum were measured. The results revealed that addition with 2% and 3% CA sig...