نتایج جستجو برای: bias
تعداد نتایج: 110381 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Female wages in Bangladesh are significantly lower compared to male wages. This paper seeks to quantify the extent of discrimination in explaining this gender wage gap. We decompose the gender wage differential into a component that can be explained by differences in productive characteristics and a component unexplained by observable productive differences, which are attributed to discriminati...
This paper measures the mean, standard deviation, alpha, and beta of venture capital investments, using a maximum likelihood estimate that corrects for selection bias. The biascorrected estimation neatly accounts for log returns. It reduces the estimate of the mean log return from 108% to 15%, and of the log market model intercept from 92% to 7%: The selection bias correction also dramatically ...
Despite The Important Role That Management Profit Forecasting Plays In The Decision Making Of Capital Market Actors, These Predictions Appear To Be Biased. In The Attempt To Measure The Bias Of Predicting Profit Management, Numerous One- Dimensional Measurement Tools Have Been Proposed In The Accounting And Finance Literature. Despite These Efforts, No Comprehensive Composite Index Has Been Dev...
Background: The negative impacts of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)outbreak on public mental health are enhancing the number of individuals requiring psychotherapy. Besides, anxiety is becoming more frequent than any other mental health issue among individuals. Similar to other anxiety types, coronavirus anxiety is associated with elevated attentional bias. The present study aimed to ex...
One of a nonparametric procedures used to estimate densities is kernel method. In this paper, in order to reduce bias of kernel density estimation, methods such as usual kernel(UK), geometric extrapolation usual kernel(GEUK), a bias reduction kernel(BRK) and a geometric extrapolation bias reduction kernel(GEBRK) are introduced. Theoretical properties, including the selection of smoothness para...
Standard methods for estimating exposure effects in longitudinal studies will result in biased estimates of the exposure effect in the presence of time-dependent confounders affected by past exposure. In the present review article, we first described the assumptions required for estimating the causal effect in longitudinal studies and their structure regarding various types of exposure and ...
background: several studies have shown that attentional bias plays a role in the beginning, persistence and relapse of substance abuse disorder. therefore, identifying the factors related to attentional bias in substance abusers is important. in so doing, the present study was aimed at examining the relationship between attentional bias, anxiety sensitivity and metacognitive beliefs in substanc...
aluminum alloys such as al 5083 have primary potential for lightweight structural application in automotive and aerospace industries. this paper addresses the mechanical and tribological properties and corrosion resistance of chromium nitride coatings deposited on al 5083 that can be used for development of applications of aluminum 5083 alloy. the crn coatings of 1 μm thickness were deposited b...
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