Objective: Limited information exists on real-world use of anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) biologic agents in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). This study evaluated the treatment patterns and costs of anti-TNFα biologic therapy and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in patients with AS. Methods: MarketScan claim databases were used to identify anti-TNFα biologic treatment-naïve AS pa...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) coexists in up to 80% of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). PSC-IBD tends be mild and responsive mesalamine most patients. However, some may require immunosuppressive (IMM) or biologic therapy treat PSC-IBD. The aims this study are investigate the rates, predictors, outcomes biologic/IMM treatment This was a single center, retrospective PSC from...

Biologic therapies are becoming the preferred treatment option for many complex medical conditions, especially in the areas of oncology and immunology. Cytokines, monoclonal antibodies, and immunomodulators all have their own specific roles, clinical applications, mechanisms of action, and side effects. As newer biologic agents are approved and used for treatment, the nurse involved in the care...

SUMMARY Isohydroxyurea causes a rapid devitalization of E. coli C600. The effect of this agent on bacterial metabolism is manifested mainly in an inhibition in the synthesis of RNA. This is in marked contrast to the biologic action of the isomeric com pound, hydroxyurea, which is primarily bacteriostatic in na ture and which involves a specific block in DNA production. The lethal action of isoh...

“...I is this passion for beautiful colors that makes us paint as we do... and not the love of the ‘dot,’ as foolish people say,” wrote painter Paul Signac in his journal (1). He was defending the art movement started by his good friend and fellow artist George Seurat and built upon by Signac himself, Camille Pissarro, and others. This movement, divisionism or pointillism, was Seurat’s artistic...