background: alpha particle irradiation from radon progeny is one of the major natural sources of effective dose in the public population. oncogenic transformation is a biological effectiveness of radon progeny alpha particle hits. the biological effects which has caused by exposure to radon, were the main result of a complex series of physical, chemical, biological and physiological interaction...

Nicotine, the primary psychoactive agent in tobacco leaves, has led to widespread use of tobacco, with over one billion smokers globally. This article provides a historical overview and discusses dependence, as well biological effects induced by nicotine on mammalian cells. Nicotine induces various effects, such neoangiogenesis, cell division, proliferation, it affects neural non-neural cells t...