...................................................................................................................................... 13 1 4BIntroduction...................................................................................................................... 14 1.1 11BOsteoporosis Background................................................................................. 14 1.2 12...

We dcvelopt~l a spatially explicit modeling approaclr, using a county-scaled rem01 e forest (i.e., forested area reserved frown or having no direct human interference) assessment derived from l! 184-90 forest resonrce inventory data arid a 1984 trlack bear (Urszrs americancts) range map for 12 states in the southern United States. We defined minirtiinn suitable and optimal black bear habitat cr...

Bears are iconic mammals with a complex evolutionary history. Natural bear hybrids and studies of few nuclear genes indicate that gene flow among bears may be more common than expected and not limited to polar and brown bears. Here we present a genome analysis of the bear family with representatives of all living species. Phylogenomic analyses of 869 mega base pairs divided into 18,621 genome f...

Parasites collected from free-ranging black bears, Ursus americanus, in northern Wisconsin included Dermacentor variabilis, D. albipictus, Ixodes scapularis, Demodex sp., Trichodectes pinguis euarctidos, Baylisascaris transfuga and Dirofilaria ursi. Mange, possibly caused by the Demodex sp., also was observed. Dental caries were common and periodontal disease was observed in one animal.

Asiatic Black Bear attacks are reported rarely throughout the majority of their global range; however, this has not been case in Kashmir Valley where over past 20–30 years have relatively common. There several causes for high number attacks, though foremost reason likely stems from conversion natural habitat to orchards and agricultural fields. Bears actively crop raid areas putting them into c...

model To illustrate an abstract model, the Teddy Bear Company is introduced. This company produces black and brown teddy bears in three sizes, and its owners consider the teddy bear in terms of an abstract model. That is, they describe everything they need to know about producing it: materials: fur cloth in black and brown, thread, buttons, different qualities of foam to stuff the bears, inform...