The rapid expansion of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) clinical isolates is a big issue. We investigated the antibiotic susceptibility, molecular epidemiology and resistance gene of A. baumannii collected at two hospitals in Shanghai, China. Besides, the A. baumannii PCR-based replicon typing method (AB-PBRT) was conducted to categorize the plasmids into homogeneous groups o...

Gram-negative multidrug-resistant organisms (GN-MDRO) producing β-lactamases (ESBL, plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases and carbapenemases) are increasingly reported throughout Asia. The aim of this surveillance study was to determine the rate of bacterial colonization in patients from two hospitals in the Mongolian capital Ulaanbaatar. Rectal swabs were obtained from patients referred to the Na...

In this issue of the Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, Shoja et al characterize the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, resistance mechanisms, and typing of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) isolates obtained from burn patients from a single center in Iran. They found that the rate of CRAB was high (92.5%) among burn patients. The most effective drugs with in vitro...

The objective of this study was to explore the molecular epidemiology and the genetic support of clinical multidrug resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) isolates in an ICU ward of a comprehensive hospital. A total of 102 non-duplicate drug-resistant A. baumannii isolates were identified and 93 (91.1%) of them were MDR strains. Molecular analysis demonstrated that carbapenemase...

Genetic structures surrounding the carbapenem-hydrolyzing oxacillinase gene blaOXA-58 were characterized in a series of OXA-58-positive Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from different countries. We showed that in most of the cases, acquisitions of the blaOXA-58-containing overall structure, including insertion sequence elements, may be likely the results of recombination events. In type...

A recent article by Higgins et al. reported the identification of a novel carbapenem-hydrolyzing class D -lactamase (CHDL), defined as OXA-143, in a carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strain isolated in Brazil in 2004 (5). This enzyme, which has 88% identity with OXA-40, is the first representative of a novel subgroup of CHDLs whose prevalence remains to be determined (5). In an attem...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of carbapenem resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates recovered from Libyan hospitals between April 2013 and April 2014. In total, 49 strains (24 P. aeruginosa and 25 A. baumannii) were isolated, including 21 P. aeruginosa and 22 A. baumannii isolates (87.75%) resistant to imipenem...

The genetic structures surrounding the plasmid-carried blaOXA-23 oxacillinase gene, encoding resistance to carbapenems, were studied in Acinetobacter baumannii. ISAba1 and the novel element ISAba4 were detected upstream of the blaOXA-23 gene, providing promoter sequences for its expression. These insertion elements were likely involved in transposition processes at the origin of acquisition of ...

OBJECTIVES Carbapenem-hydrolysing class D β-lactamases of the OXA-48 type are increasingly reported from Enterobacteriaceae. β-Lactamase OXA-48 hydrolyses penicillins very efficiently, but carbapenems only weakly and spares broad-spectrum cephalosporins. Recently, diverse OXA-48-like β-lactamases have been identified worldwide (OXA-162, OXA-181, OXA-163, OXA-204 and OXA-232). They differ by few...