Introduction. Lactate is an important indicator of tissue perfusion. The objective of this study is to evaluate if there are significant differences between the arterial and central venous measurement of lactate in pediatric patients with sepsis and/or septic shock. Methods. Longitudinal retrospective observational study. Forty-two patients were included between the age of 1 month and 17 years,...

Ten white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) were immobilized for a total of 13 procedures in holding facilities in Kruger National Park using etorphine, azaperone, and hyaluronidase to assess the effect of extended immobilization on serial cardiorespiratory, blood gas, and lactate values. Butorphanol was administered intravenously following initial blood collection and physiologic assessment (t=...

The circulatory and metabolic effects of inhalation of oxygen in high concentration were investigated in 50 patients with acute myocardial infarction. The heart rate, arterial blood pressure, cardiac out-put, blood gas tensions, pH, and lactate and pyruvate levels were measured. In general, oxygen inhalation produced a fall in cardiac output and stroke volume and a rise in blood pressure and sy...

BACKGROUND Changes in hepatosplanchnic lactate exchange are likely to contribute to hyperlactatemia in sepsis. We hypothesized that septic and cardiogenic shock have different effects on hepatosplanchnic lactate exchange and its contribution to hyperlactatemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS 24 anesthetized pigs were randomized to fecal peritonitis (P), cardiac tamponade (CT), and to controls (n = 8 p...

In neonatology, blood gas analysis is a useful tool in the evaluation of the health of newborns and plays a key role in early detection of critically ill subjects. Because blood gas analysis parameters have not previously been studied in any depth in donkey foals, this study was performed on 16 healthy Martina Franca donkey foals born after an uncomplicated delivery. Arterial and venous blood s...

Background: The goal of fluid challenge (FC) is to increase cardiac output (CO) and oxygen delivery (DO2) (known as responders) correct tissue hypoxia. To optimize administration, during dependence consumption on (VO2/DO2 dependency) would hypoxia confirmed by an (VO2) after FC VO2 get more benefit from a reduction in Markers anaerobic metabolisms, such blood lactate concentration or the ratio ...

The uptake of acetate in the human forearm was studied in five fasting (14 h) subjects during 10-min periods of ergometer work at 7 and 10 kilopond-meters per minute (kpm/min). A constant arterial acetate concentration was established by administration of a small quantity of alcohol (25 g) to the subjects after a control work period. Blood flow was measured by an indicator dilution technique. A...

INTRODUCTION Since normal or high central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO₂) values cannot discriminate if tissue perfusion is adequate, integrating other markers of tissue hypoxia, such as central venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide difference (PcvaCO₂ gap) has been proposed. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the ability of the PcvaCO₂ gap and the PcvaCO₂/arterial-venous oxygen content di...

BACKGROUND Cord blood lactate at birth is a marker of antenatal hypoxia, and is comparable to pH as a prognostic tool. OBJECTIVE To determine, by a prospective observational study, the effect of delayed sampling from arteries and veins that were double clamped to isolate the blood from the placenta (clamped), and from vessels that were not isolated from the placenta (unclamped). METHODS Pai...

The human brain releases a small amount of lactate at rest, and even an increase in arterial blood lactate during anesthesia does not provoke a net cerebral lactate uptake. However, during cerebral activation associated with exercise involving a marked increase in plasma lactate, the brain takes up lactate in proportion to the arterial concentration. Cerebral lactate uptake, together with gluco...