The presence of a low level of M protein in the peripheral blood <3gm/dl which is below the required cut off for the diagnosis of plasma cell myeloma is known as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Elevated levels of serum M protein and detection of M band on serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) can occur in chronic diseases not related to B cell disorders and not always d...

The human polyomavirus BK (BKV) is associated with severe complications, such as ureteric stenosis and polyomavirus-associated nephropathy (PVAN), which often occur in kidney-transplant patients. However, it is unknown if BKV can replicate within bone marrow. The aim of this study was to search for BKV replication within the bone marrow of kidney-transplant patients presenting with a hematologi...

Disorders of the esophagus could include various conditions such as inflammation, stricture or esophageal-phase dysphagia. Management these disorders is rapidly developing, which includes conservative, surgical and modern techniques use stem cells. Stem cells are characterized have not differentiated, able to multiply differentiate into multiple organ cells, has ability self-renewal vital in di...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com rare causes of bone marrow signal alteration in vertebral column. Other causes of bone marrow signal alteration in vertebral column includes variants of normal, marrow reconversion, tumour (myeloproliferative disorders, metastatic, or primary), radiation, fracture, degenerative change, infection, inflammatory arthritis, and osteonecrosis [2]. We des...

Introduction: As an inherited neurodegenerative disease, Huntington's disease is accompanied with wide neuronal degeneration in neostriatum and neocortex. Progress of the disease causes disabling clinical effects on movements, recognition and physiology of the body, and finally results in death. At this stage of knowledge we are, there is no effective therapeutic strategy for diminishing the mo...

I enjoyed the article by 1. Eivazi Ziai, et al. concerning "Use of myeloperoxidase index as a suitable tool to monitor response to therapy in patients with megaloblastic anemia" that was published in the last issue of the Medical Journal ofIslamic Republic of Iran. I I would like to make some points regarding this study. A. The authors mentioned that in primary evaluation of 50 anemic pa...

Although 12-hours postmortem murine bone marrow cells exhibit extensive degeneration, these cells when infused into irradiated mice produce erythrocytic, granulocytic, megakarocytic and mixed colonies in their spleen. These observations clearly demonstrate the presence of pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells and their proliferative capability in 12-hours postmortem, murine bone marrow. These obse...

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare clonal blood disorder that manifests with hemolytic anemia, bone marrow failure, and thrombosis. Many of the clinical manifestations of the disease result from complement-mediated intravascular hemolysis. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation is the only curative therapy for PNH. Eculizumab, a monoclonal antibody that blocks terminal compleme...