Eighteen healthy skeletally mature (3 years old) ewes, with an average weight of 45 kg, of the Portuguese Churra da Terra Quente breed were used to evaluate the normal values of total and bone-specific isoform of alkaline phosphatase serum activities (ALP and BALP, respectively) and serum osteocalcin (OC) and their correlation with the serum minerals - calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (M...

Vascular calcification is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and is closely associated with all-cause mortality. Recently, it has been revealed that vascular calcification is not a passive precipitation of circulating minerals, but is a process actively regulated through machinery similar to bone formation. During the bone remodeling, osteoclasts execute the bone resorption by...

Mineral and bone metabolism are regulated differently in utero compared with the adult. The fetal kidneys, intestines, and skeleton are not dominant sources of mineral supply for the fetus. Instead, the placenta meets the fetal need for mineral by actively transporting calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium from the maternal circulation. These minerals are maintained in the fetal circulation at hig...

Objectives Alcohol consumption induces oxidative stress on bone, which in turn increases the risk of osteoporosis. This study determined the effects of vitamin E on bone strength and bone mineral content in alcohol-induced osteoporotic rats. Materials and Methods Three months old Sprague Dawley male rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: (I) control group; (II) alcohol (3g/kg) + normal sal...

Numerous reports have appeared in the Uterature purporting to show the value of phosphoritic minerals as calcium and phosphorus supplements in animal nutrition. A great variance exists between the results obtained by different investigators. Forbes and others (Oy have inferred that the fluorine content of these naturally occurring products was the cause of the harmful and variable results obtai...

Food-grade animal by-products are a source of bioactive peptides that could be used as natural antioxidant compounds. Until now, only few studies have put attention to the research most effective enzyme(s), power collagen in food matrix and consideration mineralized tissue such bone, particular bovine one. Hence, this study aimed investigate effect enzymes different origins (animal, plant micro...