This paper examines how Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can enable development of markets at the Bottom of the Pyramid (BOP). Integrating ideas centered on the three-fold role of ICT (automate-informatetransform) and on market mechanisms, we develop research propositions explaining how (1) ICT roles facilitate development of market mechanisms at the BOP, (2) market mechanisms ena...

This work compares several node (and network) criticality measures quantifying to which extend each node is critical with respect to the communication flow between nodes of the network, and introduces a new measure based on the Bag-of-Paths (BoP) framework. Network disconnection simulation experiments show that the new BoP measure outperforms all the other measures on a sample of Erdős-Rényi an...

Injury severity in blast induced Traumatic Brain Injury (bTBI) increases with blast overpressure (BOP) and impulse in dose-dependent manner. Pure primary blast waves were simulated in compressed gas shock-tubes in discrete increments. Present work demonstrates 24 hour survival of rats in 0-450 kPa (0-800 Pa∙s impulse) range at 10 discrete levels (60, 100, 130, 160, 190, 230, 250, 290, 350 and 4...

The in vivo metabolism and disposition of three radiolabeled N-nitrosamines which are carcinogenic for the pancreas of the hamster but not the rat have been examined. N-[1-14C]Nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP), N-[1-14C]nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine (BHP), and their suggested proximate pancreatic carcinogenic metabolite N-[1-14C]nitroso-(2-hydroxypropyl)(2-oxopropyl)amine (HPOP) were metabo...

AIM Few studies have examined the relationship of individual periodontal parameters with individual systemic biomarkers. This study assessed the possible association between specific clinical parameters of periodontitis and systemic biomarkers of coronary heart disease risk in coronary heart disease patients with periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Angiographically proven coronary heart dise...

Decision Making Process for Bottom-of-the-Pyramid Consumers: A Case of FMCG products Abstract The purpose of this paper is to examine the nature of family purchase decision making at the Bottom of the Pyramid (BOP) using a study of BOP consumers in India. The primary objective is to identify the purchase approach of BOP consumers for Fast Moving Consumer Good (FMCG) products depending on the ro...

mRNA levels from the bop (bacterio-opsin), brp (bacterio-opsin-related protein), and bat (bacterio-opsin activator) genes in wild-type Halobacterium halobium and two bacteriorhodopsin-overproducing mutants (ET1001 and II-7) were quantitated under conditions in which oxygen levels were steadily depleted and then cultures were either kept in the dark or exposed to light. All three strains showed ...

Online shopping is getting popular even in the rural areas of developing countries. However, few research has been conducted to identify the factors associated to online shopping by the poor villagers. Whereas people living at the bottom of the economic pyramid (BoP) has an aggregate purchase power which is a huge market and online shopping has the potentiality in reducing BoP penalty by removi...

BACKGROUND Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most common inherent bleeding disorder. Gingival bleeding is a frequently reported symptom of VWD. However, gingival bleeding is also a leading symptom of plaque-induced gingivitis and untreated periodontal disease. In type 1 VWD gingival bleeding was not increased compared to controls. Thus, this study evaluated whether type 2 and 3 VWD determines...