Abstract We estimate the effects of a European Carbon Border Adjustment (CBA) mechanism on exports, real GDP, welfare and emissions using multi-region, multi-sector structural gravity model Larch Wanner (2017). Incorporating main industries covered in proposal Commission from mid-2021, as well its other design features, assuming prevailing CO 2 prices, we find only small CBA mechanism. EU expor...

The underground shopping mall has the constructional problem of the fire evacuation. Also, the people sometimes lose their direction and information of current time in the mall. If the emergencies such as terrorist explosions or gas explosions are happened, they have to go out soon. Under such circumstances, inside of the mall has high risk for life. In this research, the authors propose a way ...

his study examined the long-run relationship between Nigerian exports and imports between 1960 and 2014. Exports and imports were disaggregated into oil and non-oil components. The application of the Johansen, Bound testing and the Hansen parameter instability test cointegration techniques revealed that Nigerian exports and imports at the aggregate and disaggregated level are cointegrated with ...

Millions of people are killed or wounded by small arms each year. The aim of this study is to enhance our understanding of “missing” arms trade across countries. We proceed in two steps. First, we measure the extent of missing arms trade on the basis of official trade statistics. We construct a measure of the gap in arms trade based on the discrepancy between the value of arms exports reported ...

With the advent of globalization, economic and financial interactions among countries have become widespread. Given technological advancements, the factors of production can no longer be considered to be just labor and capital. In the pursuit of economic growth, every country has sensibly invested in international cooperation, learning, innovation, technology diffusion and knowledge. In this pa...

This paper estimates the level of Central Asian countries’ participation in regional value chains (RVCs) and global (GVCs) using data from Eora multi-region input-output table. The contribution foreign value-added to gross exports is low both absolutely compared baseline for Southeast Asia. Moreover, despite their geographic, cultural, historic closeness, countries tend be more integrated into ...

Abstract This study examines the effects of China’s cross-border e-commerce (CBEC) on its goods and services exports to ‘Belt Road’ (B&R) countries for period 2000–2018 using a gravity model. We find that CBEC has greater positive impact trade in than goods, especially after implementation B&R initiative. Furthermore, as level rises, distance tends have lower (higher) (goods) trade, whe...

Agricultural products have always been China's traditional trade products, but the export situation of agricultural in China recent years is not optimistic. With rapid development Internet economy, cross-border e-commerce as a new model rising rapidly, and exports are also affected. Due to imperfection logistics system technology, asymmetric information access both parties, inconsistent quality...

This paper analyses China’s ICT exports growth in its two major markets Japan and the US from 1992 to 2004. It focuses on ICT products classified in SITC 75, 76 and 77. The empirical results show that Chinese exports had maintained two-digit annual growth during the period. The growth was much higher than the corresponding growth of the overall markets. By 2004, Chinese ICT exports accounted fo...

SPILKOVÁ, J. (2012): The Birth of the Czech Mall Enthusiast: The Transition of Shopping Habits From Utilitarian to Leisure Shopping. Geografie, 117, No. 1, pp. 21–32. – During the 1990s, shopping habits and consumer behavior underwent many important changes in Czechia. Consumers started to prefer large retail outlets and shopping malls, and began to shop less frequently. Shopping has become not...