One of the most widely known stories of the early history of the English in India is the legend of Gabriel Bough ton, Surgeon of the Hopewell; how he was sent for to attend the daughter of the Emperor Shah Jehan, who had been badly burned, how he was successful in effecting a cure, and how, when desired to name his own reward, he asked for and obtained liberty for his masters, the Company, to t...

As a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, Korea’s economy has experienced significant setbacks. Thus, this article examines implications pandemic on key macroeconomic indicators via transmission channels oil prices and production technology. Using Bayesian estimation impulse response functions for empirical investigation, results suggest that intensified reduction in firm production, consumpti...

The agricultural goods futures market has recently regained the interest of corporate business, research institutions, and governments. This renewed interest is brought about by the increasing volatility of the prices of agricultural raw materials. In turn, these reflect the shift that has taken place in the European Union’s joint agricultural policy: from price support to income support and to...

The global economy changed considerably in recent years with important consequences for central banking. During the last half of the previous century the world economy was characterised by a process of liberalisation, deregulation and eventually globalisation, i.e. a process through which an increasingly free flow of ideas, people, goods, services and capital leads to the integration of economi...

Virtual-currency has become an important service and brought a great profit to SNS companies in China. In this paper, based on some economic theory and algorithms, we systematically analyze the operation mechanisms of the virtualcurrency in China. Three models, the ideal model, the actual model and the improved model are given to illustrate how virtual-currency services bring profit to SNS serv...

Economists have tried to explain business cycles as well as fluctuations in the economy, but over the past two centuries, the explanations have fallen into two areas. The first area tries to explain business cycles as being the result of fluctuating aggregate demand; if overall demand for goods is strong (or to put it another way, consumers are confidently buying goods), then the economy is in ...

I characterize a finite additive utility representation for preferences over menus. The numbers of both positive and negative components in this representation are expressed explicitly in terms of preference. These expressions can be used to characterize models of temptation, perfectionism, context effects, and other phenomena. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. JEL classification: D81

We study the evolution of cooperation in public goods games on different regular graphs as a function of the noise level underlying strategy adoptions. We focus on the effects that are brought about by different group sizes of public goods games in which individuals participate, revealing that larger groups of players may induce qualitatively different behavior when approaching the deterministi...

In a large-scale multiagent system, agents that need to interact with other agents are faced with a combinatorially explosive number of potential interactions. One way for agents to deal with this complexity is to form congregations. As in human society, congregations provide a common meeting-place for agents with compatible needs or preferences. We discuss two approaches to inducing congregati...