the objective of this study was to compare an indirect elisa, based on a purified 60 kda envelope glycoprotein (gp51su), with a pourquire indirect elisa for the detection of antibodies to the bovine leukemia virus. for conducting this research, 340 serum samples were collected from two different breeds of cows (sarabi and holestin) in different herds. commercial elisa revealed positive results ...

the measurement of antibody responses of animals exposed to bvdv either through a natural exposure or an immunization protocol is still a standard procedure. for bvdv, the test formats have been largely limited to elisa which is a valuable diagnostic test to measure the level of bvdv specific antibodies as well as antigen in blood samples. in the present study, 120 blood samples were collected ...

The antiviral effects of bovine interferons on the replication of bovine respiratory tract viruses were studied. Bovine turbinate monolayer cultures were treated with bovine interferons and challenged with several bovine herpesvirus 1 strains, bovine viral diarrhea virus, parainfluenza type 3 virus, goat respiratory syncytial virus, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine adenovirus type 7, ...

This review deals with the role of viruses in the aetiology of bovine mastitis. Bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine herpesvirus 4, foot-and-mouth disease virus, and parainfluenza 3 virus have been isolated from milk from cows with clinical mastitis. Intramammary inoculations of bovine herpesvirus 1 or parainfluenza 3 virus-induced clinical mastitis, while an intramammary inoculation of foot-and-mouth ...

the ph dependence study reveals that the cys 206 sulphydryl group of bovine carbonicanhydrase in the native form is not exposed. during the reaction of 2,2'-dithiobispyridine (2-dtp) with the enzyme, there was no absorbance change recorded. in the presence ofsurfactants, the ph dependence profiles of the apparent second order rate constants, kapp, forthe reaction of 2-dtp with bovine carbonic a...

respiratory disorders are major concern for dairy cattle industry. viruses and bacteria in combinationwith stress play a key role in triggering acute respiratory infections. the most important viral agents arebovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv), bovine herpes virus type 1 (bhv-1), bovine respiratory syncytial virus(brsv), parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv-3) and bovine adenovirus (bav). this cros...

the objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of various combination activators of bovine oocyte following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (icsi) in terms of cleavage and embryo development. bovine icsi oocytes were treated with a variation of treatments of combined or single activators as follows; 30 v for 15 x 2 μsec of electrical pulse +10 μg/ml cycloheximide (chx),7% ethanol...

the holstein bulls (n=50) were genotyped for bovine lymphocyte antigen (bola-drb3.2) alleles by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp). genomic dna was extracted from bull semen using phenol-chloroform method. a two-step pcr was conducted in order to amplify a 284 base-pair fragment of the target gene. amplicons were digested by rsai, haeiii and bstyi ...

organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides are likely to pollute lipid-containing food sources, like milk (3-5% fat), owing to their lipophilicity, thereby jeopardizing the benefits of milk as a health food. pesticide load in bovine milk may be from the leaching of pesticides persisting in the adipose tissue of the animal, or through direct contamination during milking or improper handling o...

1320 blood samples were collected from herds showing clinical signs of pestiviral infections. 39 samples were positive in ag-elisa assay. all these 39 samples in addition to 5 cytopathic strains were cultured in md-bk cell line and presence of pestiviral antigens was confirmed by direct-immunofluorescent test. 27 out of 44 bvdv suspected isolates were detected by rt-pcr using a primer set. diff...