The rapid depletion in world petroleum reserves and uncertainty in petroleum supply due to political and economical reasons, as well as, the sharp escalations in the petroleum prices have stimulated the search for alternatives to petroleum fuels. The situation is very grave in developing countries like India which imports 70% of the required fuel, spending 30% of her total foreign exchange earn...

This thesis investigates the potential of corn oil biodiesel as a renewable alternative fuel for diesel engines. An experimental study is conducted to enhance engine characteristics blended through various approaches, including adjusting compression ratio, employing different exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rates, and incorporating Nano additives into fuel. Preliminary examinations methyl ester...

Existing diesel engines are under stringent emission regulation particularly of smoke and particulate matter in their exhaust. Compressed Natural Gas and Diesel dual fuel operation is regarded as one of the best ways to control emissions from diesel engines and simultaneously saving petroleum based diesel fuel. Dual fuel engine is a conventional diesel engine which burn either gaseous fuel or d...

The objective of this work is to optimize the control parameters of the direct injection (DI) single cylinder diesel engine with respect to NOx (Oxides of Nitrogen) and fuel emissions through experimental investigations and Taguchi method. A single cylinder 5.2 kW diesel engine was selected for this experiment. Five parameters such as clearance volume, valve opening pressure, nozzle-hole diamet...

The turbocharger and turbocharging have been the inherent component of diesel engines, so that critical parameters of such engines, as BSFC (Brake Specific Fuel Consumption) or thermal efficiency, fuel consumption, BMEP (Brake Mean Effective Pressure), the power density output and emission level have been improved extensively. In general, the turbocharger can be considered as the most complex c...

We report for the first time on the use of water-continuous emulsions stabilized by a bio-based macromolecule in a compression-ignition diesel engine and compare their performance, combustion and emissions against the base fuels (diesel, biodiesel, and jet fuel). For this purpose, high internal phase ratio emulsions (70:30 fuel-to-water) were produced by mechanical emulsification using carboxym...

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency initiated a pilot program in 2002 with researchers at the University of Michigan Air Quality Laboratory to investigate motor vehicle mercury emissions. The program included exhaust emissions characterization of vapor and particulate phase mercury from three light-duty gasoline vehicles, one diesel vehicle and mercury analysis of fuel, lubricating oil, en...

Biodiesel is a fatty acid alkyl ester which is renewable, biodegradable and non-toxic fuel which can be derived from any vegetable oil and animal fats. Vegetable oils and animal fats in their raw form have high viscosity that makes them unsuitable as fuels for diesel engines. Transesterification is one of the well-known process by which fats and oils are converted into biodiesel. The reaction o...

This paper proposes an approach for optimal design of multilevel systems under uncertainty. The approach utilizes the stochastic extension of the analytical target cascading formulation. The reliability of satisfying the probabilistic constraints is computed by means of the most probable point method using the hybrid mean value algorithm. A linearization technique is employed for estimating the...

The demand for fossil fuels is increasing because of globalization and rising energy demands. As a result, many nations are exploring alternative sources, hydrogen an efficient practical fuel. In the transportation industry, development hydrogen-powered cars aims to maximize fuel efficiency significantly reduce exhaust gas emission concentration. impact using as supplementary spark ignition (SI...