Wave attenuation performance is the prime consideration when designing any floating breakwater. For a 2D hydrodynamic analysis of breakwater, wave evaluated by transmission coefficient, which defined as ratio between transmitted height and incident height. 3D some researchers still adopted this evaluation approach with taken at surface point, while others used mean coefficient within area. This...

Recruitment is an important process in regulating many marine benthic communities and many studies have examined factors controlling the dispersal and distribution of larval immigrants. However, benthic species also have early post-settlement life-stages that are dramatically different from adult and larval stages. Predation on these stages potentially impacts measured recruitment and the benth...

The physiological properties of clothing designed to provide protection against cold, windy and damp conditions affect comfort. The weight, thickness, stiffness of the fabrics and friction between the clothing layers affect physical performance. The comfort and perception of performance associated with 3 military winter combat clothing systems from different decades (the new M05 system, the pre...

The linearized theory of water waves is used to examine the diffraction of an incident wave by a permeable breakwater that consists of a number of distinct elements. Under the assumption that the wavelength is much greater than the thickness, each element is replaced by a thin structure and the permeability is modeled by a suitable boundary condition applied on its surface. The diffracted wave ...

A newly developed friction-interlocking armor unit called the ‘Double cube’ (DC) was designed to improve performance of a concrete used in river/marine structures against currents/waves actions. The DC is an octagonal-shaped block made up two parts: upper cube set on lower base that either square or octagonal shape. innovative design aims provide good terms stability, allow for high tolerance p...