Background: Estrogen-negative breast cancers have different clinical course, prognostic features and treatment response in comparison to estrogen receptor-positive (ER-positive) breast cancers. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) oncoprotein has found to have a pivotal role in natural cell growth and cell division and is suggested to be directly related to tumor invasiveness in brea...

background: as the third most frequent cause of cancer death, breast cancer is a common disease worldwide. most of the patients are being diagnosed in the stage that conventional treatments are not effective, and invasion and metastases lead to death. therefore, identification of novel molecular markers to improve early diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of the breast cancer is a necessity. zin...

results a low adc value was associated with lymph node metastasis (p < 0.01) and with high ki-67 protein levels (p = 0.03). there were no significant differences in the adc values among the histological grade (p = 0.48), molecular subtype (p = 0.51), tumor size (p = 0.46), and p53 protein level (p = 0.62). conclusion the pre-operative use of the 3.0 tesla dwi could provide information about the...

Objective(s): Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world and is on the increase. MUC1 and HER2 as tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) are abnormally expressed to some extent in 75–80% of breast cancers.  In our present research, a novel chimeric MUC1-HER2 (HM) protein was designed and used to study whether an immune response can be generated against these TAAs. In vitro analysis ...

Background: Trace elements play an important role in a number of biological processes. Astaxanthin (ASX), a carotoid pigment found in certain marine plant and animals, has shown anti cancer and anti free radical properties. This work intended to understand the effect of Astaxanthin in breast cancer (invasive ductal carcinoma, IDC) by using micro-pixe method. For this aim the concentratio...

phyllodes tumors account for less than 1% of breast tumors in women. giant phyllodes tumors are larger than 10 cm in diameter. a 40-year-old lady presented with a left breast lump that was present for two years. she underwent a simple mastectomy. the tumor was 30×26×21 cm in size, weighed 15 kg and had a density of 0.915 gr/cm3. we believe this patient had the third largest breast phyllodes tum...

background: a soluble form of her-2/neu extracellular domain (sher-2) is reported to be released in the sera of metastatic breast cancer patients. objective: to measure the level of sher-2 in sera of 115 breast cancer patients. methods: serial samples of 27 patients with metastasis, 18 non-metastatic patients, 15 patients in stage 0/i and 14 patients with accompanying benign breast disease were...