BACKGROUND Understanding and managing the evolutionary responses of pests and pathogens to control efforts is essential to human health and survival. Herbicide-resistant (HR) weeds undermine agricultural sustainability, productivity and profitability, yet the epidemiology of resistance evolution - particularly at landscape scales - is poorly understood. We studied glyphosate resistance in a maj...

A general model of crop yield response to herbicide application is proposed. The model includes three components: the effect of herbicide dosage on weed density, the effect of surviving weed density on crop yield and the effect of herbicide directly on the crop. The model is used to estimate the response of wheat yield to application of diclofop-methyl to control ryegrass .(Lolium rigidum) in A...

in order to study of efficiency total dual purpose herbicide and mixed granestar and acsiyal herbicides, and response of wheat at growth various stages to the aforementioned herbicides, an experiment with randomized complete block design with three replications were conducted during 2008-2009 in a field experiment at ramin agricultural and natural resources university, khouzestan. treatments in...

Twelve field trials were conducted over a three-year period (2010, 2011, 2012) at different locations in southwestern Ontario, Canada to compare various two-pass weed management strategies in glyphosate-resistant corn for crop injury, weed control, environmental impact, corn yield and profit margin. No visible injury resulted from the herbicide treatments evaluated. One early postemergence (EPO...

Field experiments were carried out over three years (2004-05, to 2006-07) to study the efficacy of a post-emergence dual-purpose herbicide (mesosulfuron – methyl (3%) + iodosulfuron – methyl – sodium (0.6%) + mefenpyr – diethyl (9%) to control Lolium rigidum Gaud. and broad-leaved weeds in no-till wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). A ready herbicide mixture was used at three doses (6+1.2, 9+1.8 and ...

Glyphosate is the number one herbicide in the world. We investigated the sub-lethal effects of this herbicide on the aphid Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker), using an age-stage, two-sex life table approach. Three concentrations of the herbicide (low - 33.5, medium - 66.9 and high - 133.8 mmol dm(-3) of active ingredient) and distilled water as the control were used. The LC50 of the IPA salt of gl...

Soybean is an important crop worldwide. Soybean cultivars differ in their sensitivity to soil salinity and herbicide damage. In these experiments, we examined the impact of salinization and herbicide (imazethapyr and chlorimuron) application on the growth and yield of two soybean cultivars, Essex and Manokin. Experiments were conducted in small pots in the greenhouse, in outdoor sand cultures, ...

A study was carried out over a two year period (2009/2010 and 2012/2013) on an experimental farm in the Alentejo region (Beja), in southern Portugal where rainfed malt barley (Hordeum distichum L.) is sown at the end of autumn or beginning of winter (November–December). The aim of this experiment was to study the efficiency of the herbicide iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium to control post-emergence b...

Processes of a parallel program can become unsynchronized, or skewed, during the course of running an application. Processes can become skewed as a result of unbalanced or asymmetric code, or through the use of heterogeneous systems, where nodes in the system have different performance characteristics, as well as random, unpredictable effects such as the processes not being started at exactly t...

Processes of a parallel program can become unsynchronized, or skewed, during the course of running an application. Processes can become skewed as a result of unbalanced or asymmetric code, or through the use of heterogeneous systems, where nodes in the system have different performance characteristics, as well as random, unpredictable effects such as the processes not being started at exactly t...