The building sector accounts for 40% of the total energy consumed in Europe at annual basis, together with relevant Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. In order to mitigate these impacts, concept and establishment Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (NZEBs) is under continuous intensive research. fact, as used buildings’ operation becomes more efficient, impacts resulting from embodied become importance. ...

We propose a new solution to the cosmological monopole problem in which domain walls sweep away the magnetic monopoles and subsequently decay. The solution does not require extensive finetuning or model building; it works for the prototype SUs5d grand unification model. More generally, it shows that defect interactions can lead to “defect erasure” in phase transitions and that this can be relev...

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a methodology for managing the essential data and information in digital format throughout a building life cycle. During the building operation process, engineers can establish a detailed information database of structural components for structural hazard prevention analysis based on the BIM model. In this paper, the definitions and rules of geometrical an...