A 252 channel FM sonar is developed to generate images of objects buried in sediments using reflection tomography. An omnidirectional source, transmitting FM pulses over the band of 2 to 12 kHz, illuminates buried targets. The backscattered signals are measured with 252 hydrophones and processed with a digital matched filter. Coherent nearfield focusing generates a 3D map of acoustic intensity ...

Automatic processes on seismic data using pattern recognition is one of the interesting fields in geophysical data interpretation. One part is the seismic object detection using different supervised classification methods that finally has an output as a probability cube. Object detection process starts with generating a pickset of two classes labeled as object and non-object and then selecting ...

As of 1999, the only artificial systems employed by the U.S. military for the detection of buried landmines were metal detectors.1 Although these detectors can sense as little as 0.5 grams of metal, and thus maintain a high detection probability, they cannot distinguish between a firing pin or a piece of scrap metal. Furthermore, modern landmines can be constructed without metallic parts and wo...

The small perturbation method (SPM) is applied to study thermal emission from a layered medium bounded by a slightly rough interface. Brightness temperatures are calculated to second order in surface height, including both specular reflection coefficient corrections and incoherent Bragg scatter terms. Unlike the homogeneous medium case, in which the SPM applied for emission predictions produces...

The effects of rough surface scattering on the detection and imaging of objects are important in many applications including the imaging of objects on or near ocean surfaces and the detection of objects buried under ground rough surfaces. This paper focuses on the following problems: (1) Scattering from wedge-like rough surfaces representing ocean surfaces with sharp crested waves. (2) Scatteri...

Microwave imaging of buried objects has been widely used in sensing and remote-sensing applications. It can be formulated and solved as inverse scattering problems. In this paper, we propose a hybrid numerical technique based on the parallel genetic algorithm (GA) and the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method for determining the location and dimensions of two-dimensional inhomogeneous obj...