ÐWe show that the cyclic-cubes defined by Ada W.C. Fu and S.C. Chau [1] are isomorphic to k-ary wrapped butterfly networks. Index TermsÐCyclic-cubes, wrapped butterfly networks.

The photonic structures of butterfly wings are among the most anatomically diverse of all those in nature, giving rise to an unrivalled display of structural colours. These have recently become the focus of research by workers in a variety of disciplines, stimulated by their potential applications to technology ('biomimetics'). This interest, together with the discovery of unpublished electron ...

This paper considers a class of wireline networks, derived from the well-known butterfly network, over which two independent unicast sessions take place simultaneously. The main objectives are to understand when network coding type of operations are beneficial with and without security considerations and to derive the ultimate gains that cooperation among sources and sinks can bring. Towards th...

Is it possible to infer a person's goal by decoding their fixations on objects? Two groups of participants categorically searched for either a teddy bear or butterfly among random category distractors, each rated as high, medium, or low in similarity to the target classes. Target-similar objects were preferentially fixated in both search tasks, demonstrating information about target category in...

Residue scaling is needed in pipelined FFT radix-4 processors based on the Modified Quadratic Residue Number System (MQRNS) at the output of each butterfly. Such processor uses serial connection of radix-4 butterflies. Each butterfly comprises n subunits, one for each modulus of the RNS base and generates four complex residue numbers. In order to prevent the arithmetic overflow in the succesive...

Seven cases are presented which are considered to throw some light on the pathology of butterfly densities and their pathogenesis. It is shown that reversible butterfly densities may represent pulmonary vascular congestion and readily reabsorbed oedema fluid resulting from fluid retention and increased blood volume (fluid lung). Terminal butterfly densities associated with hypertensive heart fa...

This paper studies the static and dynamic characteristics of the real social networks as well as their proposed generative models, among which the Butterfly Model [1] is useful while not flexible enough to generate the social networks with the expected power-law exponent. And a novel Flexible Butterfly Model (FBM) is proposed based on the Butterfly Model and combined with the Monte Carlo method...

Paul M. Brakefield and his research team in Leiden, the Netherlands, examined the development, plasticity, and evolution [6] of butterfly [7] eyespot patterns, and published their findings in Nature in 1996. Eyespots are eye-shaped color patterns that appear on the wings of some butterflies and birds [8] as well as on the skin of some fish [9] and reptiles. In butterflies, such as the peacock b...

Mobility is a key factor determining lepidopteran species responses to environmental change. However, direct multispecies comparisons of mobility are rare and empirical comparisons between butterflies and moths have not been previously conducted. Here, we compared mobility between butterflies and diurnal moths and studied species traits affecting butterfly mobility. We experimentally marked and...

A significant number of patients of all age groups are seen in Otorhinolaryngology having symptoms of vertigo. Further due to automobile accidents and changing life style pattern there is constant increase in the patients presenting with dizziness and imbalance at early age. This retrospective study was undertaken to study the prevalence of vertigo in different age groups, male and female ratio...