In this paper, we present a new extension of the butterfly digraph, which is known as one of the topologies used for interconnection networks. The butterfly digraph was previously generalized from binary to d-ary. We define a new digraph by adding a signed label to each vertex of the d-ary butterfly digraph. We call this digraph the dihedral butterfly digraph and study its properties. Furthermo...

To improve the safety, reliability, and performance of complex engineering systems, it is crucial to understand quantify uncertainties. This paper presents a framework non-intrusively semi-analytically parametric uncertainty within CFD simulations using Bayesian quadrature (BQ). An in-house quantification (UQ) code based upon this mathematical developed. The then validated by applying due varyi...

PURPOSE To evaluate results of two surface excimer laser refractive surgery techniques--photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and butterfly laser epithelial keratomileusis (butterfly LASEK). METHODS A prospective, randomized, double-masked study of 51 patients (102 eyes) who underwent laser refractive surgery. One eye of each patient was randomized to be operated with PRK and the fellow eye with ...

The development of land for modern agriculture has resulted in losses of native prairie habitat. The small, isolated patches of prairie habitat that remain are threatened by fire suppression, overgrazing, and invasion by non-native species. We evaluated the effects of three restoration practices (grazing only, burning only, and burning and grazing) on the vegetation characteristics and butterfl...

ABSTRACT Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is one of the important signal processing algorithms because of its applications in digital filtering, communication, image processing, spectral analysis and estimation etc. Butterfly computation is the basic operation in the FFT algorithm. In this work, a novel approach is thought of and used in implementing the butterfly element. Distributed Arithmetic Al...

In this paper we present embeddings of complete binary trees into butterfly networks with or without wrap-around connections. Let m be an even integer and q = m+ LlogmJ-l. We show how to embed a 2+I -I-node complete binary tree T(q) into a (m + 1)2111+1_ node wrap-around butterfly B1l1(m +1) with a dilation of 4, and how to embed T(q) into a (m + 2)2+_node wrap-around butterfly B 1l1 (m +2) wit...