Cinnamic acid and its hydroxylated derivatives (p-coumaric, caffeic, ferulic and sinapic acids) are known allelochemicals that affect the seed germination and root growth of many plant species. Recent studies have indicated that the reduction of root growth by these allelochemicals is associated with premature cell wall lignification. We hypothesized that an influx of these compounds into the p...

background & aim: elaeagnus angustifolia and elaeagnus orientalis have a lot of medical utilization. in folk medicine, the fruit and flower of these plants are used as a tonic and antipyretic agent. the aim of the present study was to chemical analysis of volatile constituents of e. angustifolia and e. orientalis flowers.  experimental: the essential oils of e. angustifolia and e. orientali...

Eucalyptus species constitutes the most widely planted hardwood trees in temperate and subtropical regions. In this study, we compared the transcript levels of genes involved in lignocellulose formation such as cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin biosynthesis in two selected 3-year old hybrid Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis) genotypes (AM063 and AM380) that have different ...

To differentiate monovarietal wines made from native and introduced varieties in Istria (Croatia), samples of Malvazija istarska, Chardonnay and Muscat yellow from two harvest years (2013 and 2014) were subjected to headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analysis (HS-SPME-GC/MS) of volatile aroma compounds. Significant effects of variety and harvest yea...

The 4-hydroxycinnamate decarboxylase (4-HCD)-inducing activity of several substrate analogs toward Klebsiella oxytoca was investigated. Four E-cinnamate-class compounds, E-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (1), caffeic acid (2), ferulic acid (3) and E-2,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid (4), all of which were accepted as substrates, all of which were accepted as substrates of 4-HCD, enable K. oxytoca cells to indu...

A new photoalignment method of controlling the pretilt angle of liquid crystals (LCs) by using organic/inorganic hybrid interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) is proposed and demonstrated. In the hybrid IPN alignment layer system, the competition between poly(vinyl cinnamate) (PVCi) favoring planar alignment and poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) favoring vertical alignment made it possible to ac...

Quinacridone-cored dendrimers with photocrosslinkable cinnamate moieties on the periphery can be patterned down to 5 micron features while retaining luminescence.

Dynamic light scattering was used to measure the azimuthal anchoring energy coefficient W(straight phi) of nematic liquid crystal (5CB) on photoaligning poly-(vinyl-cinnamate) layer. Measurements were repeated several times within two months. The results show that W(straight phi) increases in the first few days after filling the cell with liquid crystal. Then it remains approximately constant a...