Increased need for glycolysis and glucose uptake for ATP production is observed in tumor cells, particularly in cells lacking of oxygen supply. Because glucose is transported from blood to tumor, glucose molecules must be delivered across glucose transporters of the vascular endothelium and tumor cells. Here we found that glioma suffered from hypoxic insults can secrete factor(s) to regulate gl...

The content and distribution of the membrane-bound enzyme (Na+ + K+)-ATPase in a rat cerebral C6 glioma was determined by immunocytochemistry, immunoblots and enzyme assay. In the C6 glioma cell culture (Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity was about 20% of (Mg2+ + Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity. However, (Mg2+ + Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity in the cerebral C6 gliomas was very close to Mg2+ baseline and not signi...

PURPOSE To determine if hyaluronan oligomers (o-HA) antagonize the malignant properties of glioma cells and treatment-resistant glioma side population (SP) cells in vitro and in vivo. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A single intratumoral injection of o-HA was given to rats bearing spinal cord gliomas 7 days after engraftment of C6 glioma cells. At 14 days, spinal cords were evaluated for tumor size, inva...

This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of lentinan on the growth of rat C6 glioma cells in vitro. After C6 cells were treated with lentinan for 24, 48 and 72 h respectively, cell activity was detected using MTT assay. After the cells were conducted Annexin V/PI double staining or PI single staining, apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by a flow cytometry. The activities of C6 cel...

The cytotoxic effects of an antihuman transferrin receptor monoclonal antibody-ricin A-chain conjugate (anti-TfR-A) immunotoxin on glioma cells were assessed in vitro. Five human glioma cell lines were studied; three were derived from surgical explants (MG-1, MG-2, MG-3) and two were well characterized established glioma cells (U-87 MG, U-373 MG). The C6 rat glioma line served as a nonhuman con...

The loss of gap junctional intercellular communication has been proposedas playing a major role in the process of carcinogenesis. Most neoplastic cells, including C6 gliomas, express less connexins and have fewer gap junctions, reduced gap junctional intercellular communication, and increased growth rates compared with their nonneoplastic counterparts. The purpose of this study was to determine...

Glioma is the most common type of brain tumors in adults, and treatment of high-grade gliomas is still palliative. Studies to date have revealed only modest effect in attenuating growth of these tumors with single agent therapy, but combination treatment appears to be more effective. Cyclophilin A (CypA), a target of immunosuppressive drugs cyclosporin A (CsA) and sanglifehrin A (SFA), is an in...

Transit of human neural stem cells, ReNcell CX, through the blood brain barrier (BBB) was evaluated in an in vitro model of BBB and in nude mice. The BBB model was based on rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (RBMECs) cultured on Millicell inserts bathed from the basolateral side with conditioned media (CM) from astrocytes or glioma C6 cells. Glioma C6 CM induced a significant transendoth...

The purpose of the study was to investigate whether carvedilol has an antiproliferative effect alone and whether carvedilol provides an additive, synergistic or antagonistic effect on imatinib mesylate-induced cytotoxicity in both C6 glioma monolayer and spheroid culture. The C6 rat glioma chemoresistant experimental brain tumour cell line, that is notoriously difficult to treat with combinatio...

Expression of angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) under conditions of cell stress involves both transcriptional and translational events, as well as an important role for inducible endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperones. Coexpression of VEGF and 150-kDa oxygen-regulated protein (ORP), a novel ER chaperone, in human glioblastoma suggested a link between angiogenes...