Optical trapping of particles has become a powerful non-mechanical and non-destructive technique for precise particle positioning. The manipulation of particles in the evanescent field of a channel waveguide potentially allows for sorting and trapping of several particles and cells simultaneously. This paper describes the studies carried out, both theoretically and experimentally, to optimise t...

Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed purified diets in which the carbohydrate component was either starch or refined sugar (sucrose). The addition to these diets of the ash prepared by the incineration of unrefined muscovado sugar prevented the deficiencies of Factor R seen in the offspring when the diets were not supplemented with ash. Analysis by neutron activation showed that the ash...

Hybrid quantum systems integrating semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) and atomic vapours become important building blocks for scalable quantum networks due to the complementary strengths of individual parts. QDs provide on-demand single-photon emission with near-unity indistinguishability comprising unprecedented brightness-while atomic vapour systems provide ultra-precise frequency standards and...

Charge transfer and fragmentation in collisions of sodium cluster ions with caesium atoms have been investigated theoretically within a microscopic framework called Non-adiabatic Quantum Molecular Dynamics. To illustrate the complexity of non-adiabatic cluster collisions, in particular the interplay between charge transfer and fragmentation, Na4 (2.7 keV) + Cs collisions are studied in detail w...

Squeezing of quantum fluctuations by means of entanglement is a well recognized goal in the field of quantum information science and precision measurements. In particular, squeezing the fluctuations via entanglement between two-level atoms can improve the precision of atom clocks and of spectroscopy in general [1, 2]. Here, we demonstrate 3.4 dB of metrologically relevant squeezing and entangle...