Nephrolithiasis is a common clinical disorder, and calcium oxalate (CaOx) is the principal crystalline component in approximately 75% of all renal stones. It is widely believed that proteins act as inhibitors of crystal growth and aggregation. Acidic amino acids present in these proteins play a significant role in the inhibition process. In this study, interaction of calcium oxalate with human ...

n engl j med 369;22 nejm.org november 28, 2013 2163 and its soluble salts are toxic before conversion to calcium oxalate endogenously remains unclear. Although the depiction of the metabolism of glyoxylate in Figure 1 of the article is correct, the figure does not show the generation of oxalate. The legend states that in hyperoxaluria types 1 and 2, accumulated glyoxylate is converted to oxalat...

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa L (NS) seeds on kidney calculi in rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: group A received tap drinking water for 30 days (intact control). Groups B, C, and D received 1% ethylen glycol for induction of calcium oxalate calculus formation....

OBJECTIVES The diversity of experimental results obtained in the study of the effect of citrus juice on urinary lithogenicity moved us to study the effect of these substances in vitro and in-vivo. The in-vitro study is based on the turbidimetric method on calcium oxalate crystallization. In vivo, we studied the effect of lemon juice consumption on urinary chemistry and we tested it on calcium o...

Calcium oxalate urolithiasis is a common and painful condition in people. The pathogenesis of this disease is complex and poorly understood. Laboratory animal and in vitro studies have demonstrated an effect of multiple trace metals in the crystallization process, and studies in humans have reported relationships between urinary metal concentrations and stone risk. Dogs are a spontaneous model ...

To get complete information about the chemical composition and physicochemical principles underlying the formation of stone there is a need for more precise information. At present there is no single analytical procedure that provides an exact quantitative analysis of urinary calculi. In this present procedure it is assumed that only calcium oxalate monohydrate, hydroxyapatite, or magnesium amm...

Studies in 24 recurrent oxalate stone-formers have shown that values for urinary calcium excretion for this group on at-home diets vary significantly (P less than 0.001) more than values for creatinine excretions. By placing stone-formers on controlled in-hospital diets and measuring their calcium excretions, we were able to predict probable outpatient hypercalciuria (greater than 7.5 mmol/day)...

1. Whewellite (calcium oxalate monohydrate) crystals were found to induce epitaxially the heterogeneous nucleation of brushite (calcium monohydrogen phosphate dihydrate) from its metastable supersaturated solution in approximately one-quarter of the time required for spontaneous precipitation in the absence of added nucleating agents. Scanning electron-microscope observation of the crystalline ...

Combination of 1 alpha(OH) D3(vit D) and ethylene glycol induced renal or ureteral stones or both consisting of calcium oxalate in male Wistar rats. This study investigates the effect of EHDP on calcium oxalate stone using the rat model. EHDP reduced the frequency of renal stone and calcium content in the kidney, and reduced the size of the stones in the renal pelvis and ureter. EHDP biochemica...

A 59 year-old woman with chronic renal disease presented in renal failure with a creatinine of 4.1 mg %. She had had a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass performed 10 years earlier. A diagnosis of oxalate nephropathy was made on renal biopsy. Oxalate nephropathy is a known complication of gastric bypass. Calcium and oxalate in the intestine form calcium oxalate complexes that are then excreted. In the se...