In the several past years, Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) havebecame basic algorithm for state-variables and parameters estimation of discrete nonlinear systems.The UKF has consistently outperformed for estimation. Sometimes least estimation error doesn't yieldwith UKF for the most nonlinear systems. In this paper, we use a new approach for a two variablestate no...

I n 2006, researchers at Kyoto University in Japan identified conditions that would allow specialized adult cells to be genetically “reprogrammed” to assume a stem cell-like state. These adult cells, called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), were reprogrammed to an embryonic stem cell-like state by introducing genes important for maintaining the essential properties of embryonic stem cells...

contentious issue of the state–market interactions in Africa’s development agenda and processes, particularly since 1960s independence era. At heart this debate has been contestation over agency for development. The global wave democratisation that swept through most parts developing world late 1980s early 1990s revived on linkage between democracy, sustainable development, state capacity Afric...

A special class of the knapsack problem is called the separable nonlinear knapsack problem. This problem has received considerable attention recently because of its numerous applications. Dynamic programming is one of the basic approaches for solving this problem. Unfortunately, the size of state-pace will dramatically increase and cause the dimensionality problem. In this paper, an efficient a...

A special class of the knapsack problem is called the separable nonlinear knapsack problem. This problem has received considerable attention recently because of its numerous applications. Dynamic programming is one of the basic approaches for solving this problem. Unfortunately, the size of state-pace will dramatically increase and cause the dimensionality problem. In this paper, an efficient a...

In this paper, we introduce a new concept in set-valued mappings which we have called condition $(UHS)$. Then, adding this condition to a new type of contractive set-valued mappings, recently has been introduced by Amini-Harandi [Fixed and coupled fixed points of a new type contractive set-valued mapping in complete metric spaces, Fixed point theory and applications, 215 (2012)], we prove that ...

Can industrial policy be market-ensuring (e.g. via antitrust or enforcement of property rights) and market-conforming (non-distorting)? Can it provide a political second-best solution by creating a smaller market distortion to prevent a larger one that results from political ferment? This paper explores issues of the definition of industrial policy, discusses market failure vs. government failu...