An important aspect of computer-controlled camera motion systems is that of the generation of saccadic movements, which shift the camera gaze quickly from one xation position to another. Recent psychophysi-cal experiments suggest that there exists a causal connection between spatial shifts in visual attention and the production of saccadic eye movements in humans. Motivated by this experimental...

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Existing gaze estimation methods rely mainly on 3D eye model or 2D eye appearance. While both methods have validated their effectiveness in various fields and applications, they are still limited in practice, such as portable and non-intrusive system and robust eye gaze tracking in different environments. To this end, we investigate on combining eye model with eye appearance to perform gaze est...

This paper considers the problem of removing unwanted noise from a gaze tracking signal real-time. The proposed remedy is a linear dynamic model for the gaze and a Kalman filter for estimating its optimal solution in closed form. The location and velocity of gaze are treated as independent parameters of the model. Two alternative methods for estimating the velocity are presented; the first is b...

Head-mounted eye tracking has significant potential for mobile gaze-based interaction with ambient displays but current interfaces lack information about the tracker’s gaze estimation error. Consequently, current interfaces do not exploit the full potential of gaze input as the inherent estimation error can not be dealt with. The error depends on the physical properties of the display and const...

3D gaze information is important for scene-centric attention analysis but accurate estimation and analysis of 3D gaze in real-world environments remains challenging. We present a novel 3D gaze estimation method for monocular head-mounted eye trackers. In contrast to previous work, our method does not aim to infer 3D eyeball poses but directly maps 2D pupil positions to 3D gaze directions in sce...

Eyetracking is one of the latest technologies that has shown potential in several areas including human-computer interaction for people with and without disabilities, and for non-intrusive monitoring, detection, and even diagnosis of physiological and neurological problems in individuals. Current non-intrusive eyetracking methods achieve a 30 Hz rate with possibly low accuracy in gaze estimatio...

For a Level 3 automated vehicle, according to the SAE International Automation Levels definition (J3016), identification of non-driving activities (NDAs) that driver is engaging with great importance in design an intelligent take-over interface. Much existing literature focuses on strategy associated Human-Machine Interaction design. This paper proposes dual-camera based framework identify and ...

Virtual characters have become crucial to many interactive 3D graphical virtual environment simulations in the context of virtual reality and computer games. One of the primary concerns of the designers of such environments is to model the interaction of the virtual characters with the users. The gaze of the virtual character forms a chief component of this interaction. When the gaze of the vir...