نتایج جستجو برای: canopy temperature
تعداد نتایج: 465860 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Mature potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Kennebec) canopies are composed of leaves originating frommainand axillary-stem branches. Canopy leaf distribution and its corresponding contribution to wholecanopy photosynthetic rates have not been quantified. An experiment using SPAR (Soil–Plant–Atmosphere–Research) chambers maintained at 16-h day/night thermoperiods of 14/10, 17/12, 20/15, 23/18, 28/2...
Direct measurements of winter water loss due to sublimation were made in a sub-alpine forest in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado. Above-and below-canopy eddy covariance systems indicated substantial losses of winter-season snow accumulation in the form of snowpack (0Ð41 mm d 1) and intercepted snow (0Ð71 mm d 1) sublimation. The partitioning between these over and under story components of water...
The scalar roughness for sensible heat ̄ux, z0h, which appears in Monin and Obukhov similarity theory has been shown to exhibit substantial variability. Brutsaert and Sugita (cf. W. Brutsaert and M. Sugita, J. Atmos. Sci. 53 (1996) 209±16) derived an expression for z0h to account for variability in z0h as a result anisothermal vegetation skin temperature, which assumes an exponential pro®le of ...
1. One major gap in our ability to predict the impacts of climate change is a quantitative analysis of temperatures experienced by organisms under natural conditions. We developed a framework to describe and quantify the impacts of local climate on the mosaic of microclimates and physiological states of insects within tree canopies. This approach was applied to a leaf mining moth feeding on app...
Accurately representing complex land-surface processes balancing complexity and realism remains one challenge that the weather modelling community is facing nowadays. In this study, a photosynthesis-based Gas-exchange Evapotranspiration Model (GEM) is integrated into the Noah land-surface model replacing the traditional Jarvis scheme for estimating the canopy resistance and transpiration. Using...
Germination provides many potentially unrecognized sources of variation in the regeneration niche. In this study we relate germination requirements and seed size for 16 species of pioneer trees to microclimatic conditions present in gaps in semi-deciduous rain forest in Panama. We found that, whereas increased duration of direct irradiance can be an effective indicator of the presence of a cano...
Accurately predicting the response of Amazonia to climate change is important for predicting climate change across the globe. Changes in multiple climatic factors simultaneously result in complex non-linear ecosystem responses, which are difficult to predict using vegetation models. Using leafand canopy-scale observations, this study evaluated the capability of five vegetation models (Community...
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