As a database format, XML (GML by extension) can be queried. In order to do this, we need a query language (of general use) to retrieve information from an XML document. Nevertheless, it is necessary to enrich the query language over XML features with spatial operators if we wish to apply it over spatial data encoded with GML. Otherwise, these query languages could only be used to query alphanu...

Many geographical databases have been developed for different programs and applica tions/ but da ta acquisition and da ta sharing are still a big problem because no interoperability exists among these different da tabases. This study presents a GML (Geography Markup Language) approach to build a geographical da tabase in order to enable interoperability. As an open/ non-proprietary industry sta...

This paper discusses how to provide spatial analysis for XML/GML/SVG based WebGIS. In recognition of current XML/GML/SVG based WebGIS’s insufficiency of providing spatial analysis, we focus on two important issues. First, based on the theory of spatial data modeling, we propose an SVG-based spatial information representation model to represent the needed spatial data in SVG on the browser side....

The heterogeneous nature of geospatial data makes the sharing of it across organizations a complex issue. As a standard means of geospatial data encoding, Geography Markup Language (GML) has been proposed by Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC), which facilitates sharing and exchange of geospatial information. With the proliferation of GML in many geospatial applications and storage support from th...

Spatial data encoded in GML documents are used in various applications and are especially suited to storing, manipulating and exchanging geographic information. However, a large share of currently available spatial data is stored in spatial databases. This article presents a method to map arcs and nodes, organized in a network using spatial relationships, from a spatial database to a GML docume...

Purpose The authors discuss a dominant logic as the main idea behind global marketing (GML) of an MNE and investigate how local stakeholders’ influence feasibility applying GML in emerging markets. aim paper is to enhance understanding factors that stakeholders' acceptance MNEs' different activities MNEs may increase acceptance. Design/methodology/approach apply qualitative case study method in...

TimePrimitive Dataset reference date (M) boundedBy Geographic location of the dataset (by four coordinates or by geographic identifier) (C) AbstractGML Dataset character set (C)GML Dataset character set (C) AbstractGeometry Spatial resolution of the dataset (O)Geometry Spatial resolution of the dataset (O) VerticalDatum, VerticalCS, TemporalCS, TemporalDatum Additional extent information for th...

Many applications, in areas such as land use, traffic management and location aware services, involve the storage, analysis and sharing of spatio-temporal data. The need to represent such data in a way that eases sharing across applications, has led to the development of the Geography Markup Language (GML), which provides a rich collection of constructs for representing spatial and associated a...

PURPOSE We sought to determine the relative lipase production of a range of ocular bacterial isolates and to assess the efficacy of glycerol monolaurate (GML) in inhibiting this lipase production in high lipase-producing bacteria without affecting bacterial cell growth. METHODS Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis,Propionibacterium acnes, and Corynebacterium spp. were inoculated a...