Two different rollover crash scenarios were simulated with the software Madymo. The vehicle kinematics in the numerical simulation were prescribed by the use of sensor signals of real crash tests. The Madymo 50% Hybrid III dummy model as well as the Madymo human model was applied to these simulations and the model kinematics were analysed and compared. Differences in the kinematics of human and...

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) is conducting a research program to investigate the crash compatibility of passenger cars, light trucks and vans (LTV’s) in vehicle-to-vehicle collisions. NHTSA has conducted a series of eight full-scale vehicle-to-vehicle crash tests to evaluate vehicle compatibility issues. Tests were conducted using four bullet vehicles representing ...

Vehicle change in velocity, often referred to as delta-V, is a widely used measure of crash severity. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) uses the WinSMASH computer code to estimate delta-V in several of its in-depth crash databases. This study examined the accuracy of WinSMASH longitudinal delta-V estimates in 140 rear crashes by comparison with direct measurements of de...

In-depth, retrospective accident investigation studies provide a means to understand how car occupants are injured in road traffic accidents. In most retrospective studies, crash severity is estimated using the CRASH3 computer program. capable of crash severity assessment, PC-CRASH is more focused on accident reconstruction, and is therefore not discussed in this paper. AiDamage is a crash seve...

Background: Car crash simulations need a lot of computation time. Model reduction can be applied in order to gain time-savings. Due to the highly nonlinear nature of a crash, an automatic separation in parts behaving linearly and nonlinearly is valuable for the subsequent model reduction. Methods: We analyze existing preprocessing and clustering methods like k-means and spectral clustering for ...

The networking of active and passive safety (APIA) is the fundamental basis for comprehensive vehicle safety. Situation-relevant information relating to driver reactions, vehicle behaviour and traffic environment are fed into a crash probability calculator, which continually assesses the current crash risk and intervenes when necessary with appropriate measures to avoid a crash and reduce poten...

The aim of this study is to see what the influence of tow-bars is in rear-end collisions, hereby looking at the crash pulse. The database from the Swedish insurance company Folksam and some full-scale tests performed by Autoliv [I, 241 give an indication that the tow-bar increases the injury risk. The increased average acceleration correlates to the increased injury risk. First of all a literat...