A procedure for the study of glycogen in the same cell, under both light and electron microscopes is described. The synthesis and accumulation of glycogen is a feature of chondrogenesis in the mouse epiphyseal cartilage and the amount of glycogen increases with the progress of differentiation. In contrast, no glycogen was detected in differentiating epiphyseal cartilage of the chick at any stag...

The distribution and sequence of appearance of fibronectin and of type-I and type-II collagen in the developing cartilage models of embryonic chick hind-limb buds was studied by immunofluorescence, using specific antibodies directed against these proteins. Fibronectin and type-I collagen are evenly distributed throughout the intercellular space of the mesenchyme prior to condensation of core me...

introduction: glycoconjugates are molecules with a carbohydrate bounded to proteins. the terminal sugars of glycoconjugates are specific identified by lectins. glycoconjugates play an important role in various developmental processes. this study examines the developmental changes in certain glycoconjugates during the development of meckel's cartilage through lectin histochemistry. materials and...

Defective bone and cartilage development account for a large number of human birth defects annually. Normal skeletogenesis involves cartilage development in early morphogenesis through a highly coordinated and orchestrated series of events involving commitment and differentiation of mesenchymal cells to chondrocytes followed by a highly programmed process of structural maturation. Recent develo...

Differentiation of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells via embryoid bodies was established as a suitable model to study development in vitro. Here, we show that differentiation of ES cells in vitro into chondrocytes can be modulated by members of the transforming growth factor-beta family (TGF-beta(1), BMP-2 and -4). ES cell differentiation into chondrocytes was characterized by the appearance of A...

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a potential source of chondrogenic cells for the treatment of cartilage disorders, but loss of chondrogenic potential during in vitro expansion and the propensity of cartilage to undergo hypertrophic maturation impede their therapeutic application. Here we report that the signaling protein WNT3A, in combination with FGF2, supports long-term expansion of human b...

Therapeutic strategies based on utilizing endogenous BMSCs have been developed for the regeneration of bone, cartilage, and ligaments. We previously found that E7 peptide (EPLQLKM) could enhance BMSC homing in bio-scaffolds and, therefore, promote cartilage regeneration. However, profile mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we examined effect phenotype, including adhesion, viability chondr...

Osteoarthritis is the more frequent cause of disability in adult people and it is associated to cartilage degeneration of affected joints. This cartilage has a limited ability to repair. Several treatments have been tested including the use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. These cells are an attractive source for cartilage repair because of their availability to chodrogenic differentiation by progres...

We investigated the expression and localization of receptor activator nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) in cartilage from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) relevance to degeneration. also examined role exogenous lymphotoxin (LT)-α on RANKL human chondrocytes its effect vitro osteoclast differentiation. Cartilage synovial fluid samples were obtained 45 undergoing total joint replacement sur...

Management of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) capabilities to differentiate into osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages would be of utmost importance for their future use in difficult to treat cases of destroyed bone and cartilage. Thus, an understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms as important modulators of stem cell differentiation might be useful. Epigenetic mechanism refers to a process that r...