Intercellular signaling events mediated by neuropeptides and peptide hormones represent important targets for both basic science drug discovery. For many bioactive peptides, the protein receptors that transmit information across receiving cell membrane are not known, severely limiting these pathways as potential therapeutic targets. Identifying receptor(s) a given of interest is complicated sev...

The immune system of mammalian organisms undergoes alterations that may account for an increased susceptibility to certain infections, autoimmune diseases, or malignancies. Well characterized are age related defect in T cell functions and cell mediated immunity. Although it is well established that the functional properties of T cells decrease with age, its biochemical and molecular nature is...

the objective of this study was to determine the effect of estradiol on mrna levels encoding fsh receptor (fshr), lh receptor (lhr), estrogenic and progestagenic enzymes. briefly, follicles between 2 and 5 mm diameter were dissected from the ovaries of adult cows collected from a local abattoir, cells were collected by rinsing the follicle walls with dulbecco modified eagle medium/f12 (dmem/f12...

Necroptosis, as a novel concept, has been recently introduced in scientific literature. Much of our knowledge about necroptosis comes from ligation of tumor necrosis factor-α to its receptor, TNF receptor 1. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1, receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 and its substrate, the pseudokinase mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein, have been comprehensively st...

Background: Phytoestrogens, a group of plant-derived polyphenolic compounds have recently come into considerable attention due to the increasing information on their potential adverse effects in human health. Some of phytoestrogens show estrogenic activity that may be carcinogenic for human. In the present study, we investigated the transcriptional effects of variety of phytoestrogens&nbsp...

Abstract Roots provide the plant with water and nutrients anchor it in a substrate. Root development is controlled by hormones various sets of transcription factors. Recently, small peptides their cognate receptors have been identified as controlling root development. Small bind to membrane-localized receptor-like kinases, inducing dimerization co-receptor proteins for signaling activation givi...

The interaction of Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) with human fetal foreskin fibroblast (HFFF) cell was studied using a recent isolate of HSV-1 which was propagated in Hep-2 cells. HFFF cells were challenged with HSV-1 with a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1 virus/cell for 24 hours. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that HSV-1 challenged HFFF cells expressed increased levels of α2β1...

Background: Euphorbia plants are traditionally used in folk medicine for infections, inflammation, and cancer. Objectives: To investigate the effects of the butanolic extracts of Euphorbia micorociadia and Euphorbia osyridea on specific transcription factors and cytokines expression of T cell subsets. Methods: Activated mouse splenocytes were cultured in the presence of non-cytotoxic concentrat...

background: vasopressin type 2 receptor (v2r) plays an important role in the water reabsorption in the kidney collecting ducts. v2r is a g protein coupled receptor (gpcr) and the triplet of amino acids aspartate-arginine-histidine (drh) in this receptor might significantly influence its activity similar to other gpcr. however, the role of this motif has not been fully confirmed. therefore, the ...