Enzymes are biological catalysts and very specific, catalyzing either a single chemical reaction or limited number of closely related reactions. For example, xylanases enzymes that catalyze the cleavage polymeric xylan thereby break down this hemicellulose. The first xylanase enzyme preparations used in bleaching process pulp also contained cellulase, which catalyzes hydrolysis cellulose. This ...

Solid-state fermentation has been widely used for enzyme production. However, secreted enzymes often bind to the solid substrate preventing their detection and recovery. A series of screening studies was performed to examine the role of extraction buffer composition including NaCl, ethylene glycol, sodium acetate buffer, and Tween 80, on xylanase and cellulase recovery from switchgrass. Our res...

The mechanism underlying the action of lignocellulolytic enzymes in biodegradation of lignocellulosic biomass remains unclear; hence, it is crucial to investigate enzymatic interactions involved in the process. In this study, degradation of corn cob by Sporothrix carnis and involvement of lignocellulolytic enzymes in biodegradation were investigated over 240 h cultivation period. About 60% degr...

An alkalitolerant fungus, Aspergillus fumigatus strain MA28 produced significant amounts of cellulase-free xylanase when grown on a variety of agro-wastes. Wheat bran as the sole carbon source supported higher xylanase production (8,450 U/L) than xylan (7,500 U/L). Soybean meal was observed to be the best nitrogen source for xylanase production (9,000 U/L). Optimum medium pH for xylanase produc...

Forages play an important role in ruminant animal production worldwide. Unlocking the nutritional potential of poor-quality tropical forages with fibrolytic enzymes would improve forage digestibility and utilization. Using vitro vivo methods this study investigated effect pre-treating Smutsfinger hay for 24 hours a mixture enzyme (100% cellulase; 75% cellulase: 25% xylanase; 50% 100% xylanase c...

The S85 type strain of Fibrobacter succinogenes, a major ruminal fibrolytic species, was isolated 49 years ago from a bovine rumen and has been used since then as a model for extensive studies. To assess the validity of this model, we compared the cellulase- and xylanase-degrading activities of several other F. succinogenes strains originating from different ruminants, including recently isolat...

Thirty-six species o f wood-inhabiting microfungi have been assayed for cellulase, xylanase, mannanase and amylase activity by the use o f different test methods. The wood-degrading capabilities of the test organisms were previously known. Three o f the species were unable t o degrade birch wood. The other species represented three different degradation patterns, viz. I ) formation of soft rot ...

In this study, a novel isolate Aspergillus candidus was employed for xylanase production using low cost agro residues. A Box-Behnken design matrix was used to optimize the influential parameters like carbon source, nitrogen source and incubation temperature for maximum xylanase production. Under optimized condition, enzyme titer level enhanced to 69 IU/ml at 48 h with volumetric productivity 14...

Culture conditions of a newly isolated basidiomycetous strain were optimized for the enhanced production of extracellular alkali-thermotolerant cellulase-poor xylanase using wheat bran as the sole carbon source under solid state fermentation (SSF). SEM and ITS sequencing confirmed it as Coprinopsis cinerea HK-1 NFCCI-2032. Among various inexpensive agro-residues, wheat bran (carbon source) came...