conclusion our results concerning cranium morphometry support the theory that hypoplastic posterior cranial fossa due to mesodermal insufficiency may play a role in the etiology of tonsillar herniation. results in individuals with tonsillar herniation, while the front-back diameter of the foramen magnum, the cerebellum height, and the sagittal diameter of the cerebellum increased, the maximum c...

Objective(s): Amyloid β plaques, in Alzheimer’s disease, are deposits in different areas of the brain such as prefrontal cortex, molecular layer of the cerebellum, and the hippocampal formation. Amyloid β aggregates lead to the release of cytochrome c and finally neuronal cell death in brain tissue. hCG has critical roles in brain development, neuron differentiation, and function. Therefore, we...

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is associated with nervous system alterations in both human and animal models. This study was done to determine the effect of gestational diabetes on the Purkinje and granular cells in the cerebellum of rat offspring.  Methods: 10 Wistar rats Dams were randomly allocated in control and diabetic group. The experimental group received 40 mg/kg/body wei...

This research was carried out to identify the different layers and cells of orange spotted grouper brain for further toxicological experiments and defects brought by xenobiotics during exposure periods.The anatomy and histology of the brain of orange spotted grouper was illustrated and compared to mammals and other fishes. The preserved structures of teleosts brain species were different as com...

Plexin-B2 deletion leads to aberrant lamination of cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) and Purkinje cells. Although in the cerebellum is only expressed by proliferating CGN precursors outer external layer (oEGL), its function development still elusive. Here, we used 3D imaging, vivo electroporation live-imaging techniques study novel cerebellum-specific Plxnb2 conditional knockout mice. We show t...

introduction: diabetes mellitus is associated with nervous system alterations in both human and animal models. this study was done to determine the effect of gestational diabetes on the purkinje and granular cells in the cerebellum of rat offspring.  methods: 10 wistar rats dams were randomly allocated in control and diabetic group. the experimental group received 40 mg/kg/body weight of strept...

Introduction: The impact of chromium exposure was studied on liver, kidney, testis, spleen, cerebrum and cerebellum of male Wistar rats (80-100 g body weight). Material & Method: It was observed that treatments of rats with chromium (i.p. at a dose of 0.8 mg / 100 g body weight per day) for a period of 28 days caused significant increase in chromium content while declining the body weight a...