the structure of the sheep cervix limits the application of reproductive biotechnologies such as embryo transfer and artificial insemination. the aim of this study was to determine differences in cervical anatomy and morphology between sanjabi lambs and ewes, and the relationship between cervical anatomy and cervical penetration in ewes. four hundred and sixty eight postmortum cervices belongin...

objectives major differences exist in the anatomy and biomechanics of the growing spine that causes failure patterns different from those in adults. spinal injury in the pediatric patient is a main concern because timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment can prevent further neurologic damage and deformity and potentiate recovery. we conducted a retrospective clinical study of 137 cases (93 bo...

An anatomical variant of the extrahepatic bile duct is presented, as true gallbladder duplication. Congenital malformations are categorized into positional and morphologic abnormalities, duplication being included in latter.The accepted classification Boyden's. Based on relationship cystic with vesicular body, he described “vesica fellea divisa” (bilobed vesicle that drains a single shares comm...

background & objectives: tumor diathesis (td) is defined as granular proteinaceous precipitates on slide surface of cytologic smears. it is found in the background of smears of invasive carcinoma but not in all cases. the aim of present study was to determine the prevalence of td in cervicovaginal smears from patients with uterine cervix carcinoma. methods: cytological smears and histologi...

Introduction: Transabdominal cerclage (TAC) is a procedure for cervical insufficiency in women in whom transvaginal cerclage cannot be performed. In recent years, laparoscopic transabdominal cerclage has gained favor by eliminating the need for laparotomy and reducing surgical morbidity. Case Description: We present a case of laparoscopic removal of a TAC in a 27-year-old woman with uterus dide...

gastric duplication cysts comprise 2-7% of gastrointestinal duplications, rare congenital malformations that can be present at almost any part of the alimentary tract. they mostly present with gastrointestinal obstruction symptoms, ulceration, and painless hemorrhage. symptoms include nausea, vomiting, and fullness sensation. gastric duplications are mostly cystic in shape. herein, we present a...