Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) synthesizes the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, at cholinergic nerve terminals. ChAT contains nuclear localization signals and is also localized in the nuclei of neural and non-neuronal cells. Nuclear ChAT might have an as yet unidentified function, such as transcriptional regulation. In this study, we investigated the alteration of candidate gene transcription...

In order to collaborate effectively in group discourse on a topic like mathematical patterns, group participants must organize their activities in ways that share the significance of their utterances, inscriptions, and behaviors. Here, we report the results of a ethnomethodological case study of collaborative math problem-solving activities mediated by a synchronous multimodal online environmen...

Technology-driven interactions are becoming commonplace, particularly as online classes, telecommuting, and virtual meetings across distances time zones have all increased in popularity. Platforms such Google Meet, Skype, Webex, Zoom use synchronous audio-visual communication supported by text-based chat, emoticon responses, other supplementary functions. Given this uptick the of video conferen...

Opportunistic networks, which are wireless network ”islands” formed when transient and highly mobile nodes meet for a short period of time, are becoming commonplace as wireless devices become more and more popular. It is thus imperative to develop communication tools and applications that work well in opportunistic networks. In particular, group chat and instant messaging applications are parti...

Online text chat is a very popular Internet-based application. Previous studies have identified several problems with standard text chat systems. Real-time collaborative editing systems can be used for text chat. This paper compares text chat via collaborative editing systems with text chat via standard text chat systems. It has been identified that standard text chat system do not maintain som...

The paper presents approaches to identifying realworld demographic attributes based on language use in the virtual world. We apply features developed from the classic literature on sociolinguistics and sound symbolism to data collected from virtual-world chat and avatar naming to determine participants’ age and gender. We also examine participants’ use of avatar names across virtual worlds and ...