Listeria monocytogenes is a bacterial pathogen capable of causing severe infections in humans, often with fatal outcomes. Many different animal models exist to study L. monocytogenes pathogenicity, and we have investigated the chicken embryo as an infection model: What are the benefits and possible drawbacks? We have compared a defined wild-type strain with its isogenic strains lacking well-cha...

The antigenic similarities and differences between various actins were explored by use of antisera against purified bovine cardiac actin and chicken embryo brain actin. In double-antibody coprecipitation tests, purified iodinated actins from bovine cardiac muscle, rabbit skeletal muscle, chicken embryo brain, and bovine brain all bound to antiserum against chicken embryo brain actin. This resul...

Previous studies showed that the retina produces factors that promote the differentiation of lens fiber cells, and identified members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) families as potential fiber cell differentiation factors. A possible role for the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) is suggested by the presence of BMP receptors in chicken embryo lenses....

Nerve growth factor (NGF) was discovered because of its neurotrophic actions on sympathetic and sensory neurons in the developing chicken embryo. NGF was subsequently found to influence and regulate the function of many neuronal and non neuronal cells in adult organisms. Little is known, however, about the possible actions of NGF during early embryonic stages. However, mRNAs encoding for NGF an...

OBJECTIVE Sonic hedgehog(SHH) is early expressed in the floor plate and notochord during the development of chicken embryo, which is required for the establishment of dorsal axis and the formation of spinal cord, but the mechanism of SHH affecting the patterns of spinal development is still unclear. METHODS In this study using in vivo electroporation ectopic expression of SHH in spinal cord o...

Objective: In recent years, amino acids are used in veterinary medicine for many purposes. They injected into hatching eggs to increase chick body weight and performance at hatch, but the adverse effects of amino acids have always been a major concern. There is scant information available about the pathological alterations of amino acids in the chicken embryonated eggs. The objective of this st...

This paper presents a preliminary survey of the nucleic acid polymerases of the developing chicken embryo, especially of the 4-day stage. The predominant activity is that of a DNA polymerase preferring a DNA-RNA hybrid as the template. The enzyme, which is activated by Mn(2+) ions and inhibited by p-chloromercuriphenylsulfonate, copies preferentially the ribo strand of a hybrid, such as poly(rA...

Experiments were carried out with the suckling mouse cataract agent (SMCA) in an attempt to better characterize the nature of this agent. Despite the fact that high titers of SMCA were found in the chorioallantoic fluid of inoculated chicken embryos, the agent did not replicate in chicken embryo epithelial cell cultures. SMCA did not interfere with Sindbis virus plaque formation and was not inh...

The potency of N-methylprotoporphyrin IX (N-methylPP) as a ferrochelatase (FC) inhibitor has been previously studied using crude chick embryo liver FC preparations. However, interactions between N-methylprotoporphyrin IX (N-methylPP) and impurities in the enzyme preparation may have compromised the results. The first objective of this study was to compare the potency of N-methylPP as an inhibit...

Low-molecular-weight RNA from transforming viruses (Rous sarcoma virus-Rous-associated virus 1, Schmidt-Ruppin strain of Rous sarcoma virus, and sarcoma-B(77)), from nontransforming viruses (Rous-associated virus 1 and sarcoma-NTB(77)), and from chicken liver, chicken embryo fibroblast, and Rous sarcoma virus-Rous-associated virus 1-transformed chicken embryo fibroblast was isolated and purifie...