During the past 40 years, different child restraint systems (CRS) have been developed to improve protection for children of different sizes and ages. Development of more effective CRS, and a higher frequency in use of the restraints, in addition to enhanced vehicle safety, has resulted in an increased level of child safety. This study examines accident data with Volvo cars in Sweden to evaluate...

Smoke inhalation injury is a major determinant of morbidity and mortality in fire victims. We report the case 3-year-old child

OBJECTIVES To investigate whether cases of possible non-accidental injury as identified using five risk indicators give rise to any subjective concerns of child abuse. METHODS Questionnaires were completed by the triage nurse and attending doctor for every child attending the general hospitals of the North Western Health Board, with an injury, during a six month period. The questionnaires inc...

To identify anatomic and physiologic characteristics of children which are different from adults and to explain major patterns and responses of different types of injuries and to apply ATLS principles in management of injured kids and to emphasize on injury prevention to reduce the impact of injury in children. Children have larger head, smaller jaw, shorter, narrower, funnel shaped airway, sof...

OBJECTIVES Parental influences are among the strongest behavioral correlates to unintentional injury outcome in early childhood, but are less well understood as children develop. We implemented a prospective research design to study how parenting style, parent-child relationships, and parental mental health influence injury during middle childhood. We also considered the roles of parent and chi...

The applicability of the federal safety standard that governs child restraints (FMVSS 213) has recently been called into question. Population- based estimates of the risk of injury to children in child restraints and a description of the patterns and mechanisms of injury are necessary to evaluate this standard and identify areas of needed improvement. A probability sample of children 12 to 47 m...

OBJECTIVES To examine child characteristics (age, gender) and child care center environments (socioemotional quality, physical safety) that jointly predict injuries for preschool children. METHODS A two year prospective study of 360 preschool children, ages 2-6 years, was conducted in four urban child care centers. Composite scores for center quality and physical safety were derived from on-s...

OBJECTIVE To describe health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among youth with spinal cord injury (SCI), examine agreement between child and caregiver report HRQOL, investigate relationships between HRQOL and demographic, injury and psychological variables. METHODS Caregivers and youth with SCI completed a pediatric HRQOL measure and mental health measures; injury information was gathered from...

BACKGROUND There has been increasing interest in the formal review of child deaths in Japan. In this study we examined the causes and scene information regarding child deaths from injury in Tokyo, the capital of Japan, as preparation for implementation of a full-scale review of child deaths. METHODS Documents on deaths from injury (excluding homicides) investigated by the Tokyo Medical Examin...