The paper presents a clinical case of successful staged endoscopic treatment for giant multiple choledocholithiasis . Conventional surgery was contraindicated in the patient due to significant comorbidities and high anaesthetic risk Contact lithotripsy basic minimally invasive method It combined with balloon dilatation papillosphincterotomy area mechanical intraductal oral transpapillary cholan...

altered gastrointestinal anatomy is challenging because of the technical difficulties associated with accessing the papilla and the high rate of complications experienced when using a side-viewing duodenoscope [1]. The recently developed SpyGlass Direct Visualization System (Microvasive Endoscopy, Boston Scientific, Natick, Massachusetts, USA) can be passed through a forward-viewing endoscope b...

Although endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is considered the gold standard to manage biliary disorders, it has its own limitations. The single-operator cholangioscopy (SOC) system (Spyglass) may offer an interesting compromise for most advanced biliary endoscopists, in terms of size (10 Fr diameter) and complexity of use. SOC is a great step toward intraductal visualization and the...

15 INTRODUCTION T his profile summarizes the technical aspects and the preliminary literature related to the use of the SpyGlass Direct Visualization System. This novel technology provides the endoscopist with a direct intraluminal view of the biliary duct system. Consequently, lesions within the biliary tract can be biopsied under direct vision. It also allows for the application of therapeuti...

Indeterminate biliary strictures represent a diagnostic challenge requiring further work-up, which encompasses a variety of diagnostic modalities. We report a very rare case of B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia presenting as a biliary stricture following remission of acute myeloid leukemia, which was initially treated with allogenic stem cell transplant. After multiple diagnostic modalities wer...

bile duct tumor is difficult because of ambiguity caused by the abundant mucin secretion and/or by the superficial mucosal spread of the tumor along the bile duct [1]. We report the case of a 77-year-old patient, who initially presented with severe jaundice, right upper abdominal pain, and fever. The endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) demonstrated a large amount of viscous mu...