Nonneuronal cholinergic system plays a primary role in maintaining homeostasis. It has been proved that endogenous neuronal acetylcholine (ACh) could play an anti-inflammatory role, and exogenous cholinergic agonists could weaken macrophages inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation through activation of α7 subunit-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR). We as...

Cholinergic agents are known to affect the epithelial transport of H2O and electrolytes in the kidney. In proximal tubule cells, cholinergic agonists increase basolateral Na-HCO(3) cotransport activity via M(1) muscarinic receptor activation. The signaling intermediates that couple these G protein-coupled receptors to cotransporter activation, however, are not well defined. We therefore sought ...

OBJECTIVE Central cholinergic neural circuits play a role in the regulation of feeding behavior. The dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) is considered the appetite-stimulating center and contains cholinergic neurons. Here, we study the role of DMH cholinergic neurons in the control of food intake. METHODS To selectively stimulate DMH cholinergic neurons, we expressed stimulatory designer receptors...

Particulate fractions from fresh bovine corneal endothelium exhibited high affinity, specific binding by a potent muscarinic cholinergic radioligand, [3H]QNB. Particulate fraction binding sites exhibited half maximal binding at approximately 0.3 nM [3H]QNB and reached a maximal binding capacity of 820 fmoles/mg of protein at 3 nM [3H]QNB. Muscarinic cholinergic antagonists and agonists competed...

Cholinergic modulation is essential for many brain functions and is an indispensable component of the prevalent models attempting to understand the neural mechanism responsible for learning-induced auditory plasticity. Unlike the cholinergic basal forebrain, the cholinergic pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg) has received little attention. This study was designed to confirm whether the PP...

Kalmbach A, Hedrick T, Waters J. Selective optogenetic stimulation of cholinergic axons in neocortex. J Neurophysiol 107: 2008–2019, 2012. First published January 11, 2012; doi:10.1152/jn.00870.2011.— Acetylcholine profoundly affects neocortical function, being involved in arousal, attention, learning, memory, sensory and motor function, and plasticity. The majority of cholinergic afferents to ...

Background and Aims: The object of this study was the investigation central antinociceptive effects naringin as well association stimulation opioidergic, serotonergic, adrenergic, cholinergic (muscarinic nicotinic) receptors to analgesia mice due naringin. Methods: Several intraperitoneal doses (20, 40, 80 mg/kg) were injected into models analyzed via hot-plate (integrated supraspinal response)...